Barriers and Strategies for Female Entrepreneurship and Leadership: A Critical Analysis of the Challenges and Pathways to Inclusion

Abstract

This article examines the multifaceted barriers and challenges faced by women in accessing leadership positions and entrepreneurship. Drawing on a qualitative review of the literature, the study identifies unconscious biases, gender stereotypes, limited access to mentoring and networking, work–life imbalance, and structural discrimination as major impediments to women’s career advancement. Strategies to foster female leadership and entrepreneurial initiatives are also discussed, including educational programs, tailored financing, inclusive organizational policies, and the reinforcement of mentoring networks. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive interventions that address both cultural and structural dimensions to promote a more equitable participation of women in leadership roles and entrepreneurial ventures