Advancements and Challenges in Breast Cancer and Benign Breast Disorders: Fo-cus on Fibrocystic Mastopathy in Kazakhstan

Abstract

Despite significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, it remains one of the most urgent issues in the field of oncology (Novikova E.G., Smetnik V.P., 1999; Mitelman Yu.M., 2006).

In Kazakhstan, breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women. Its high societal impact has made it a focal point of modern oncological research. Recent studies and concentrated efforts in this area have greatly improved knowledge of breast cancer biology and various forms of dyshormonal hyperplasia (Goryushina O.G., 2002).

One of the most prevalent breast disorders is fibrocystic mastopathy. This term refers to a category of benign breast dysplasias that are non-cancerous in nature, characterized by different levels of tissue proliferation and regression. These changes can either affect the entire gland or manifest as distinct nodules.