The advancement of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) standards in Kazakhstan and the implementation of leading international practices for sustainable growth in both corporate and public sectors

Abstract

This study examines the development and implementation of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles in Kazakhstan, drawing on international best practices to assess their adoption in the local corporate and public sectors. Through a mixed-methods approach, the research evaluates ESG integration across various industries, identifying key trends, challenges, and the effectiveness of ESG practices. The findings highlight a significant advancement in ESG adoption within larger corporations, particularly in the energy sector, while also noting areas where further development is necessary, such as in small and medium enterprises and the agricultural sector. The study proposes tailored recommendations for enhancing Kazakhstan’s ESG framework, including the establishment of robust regulatory structures, sector-specific guidelines, and enhanced stakeholder engagement strategies. These recommendations aim to align Kazakhstan more closely with global sustainability standards and improve its overall sustainability performance.