Risk assessment during the launch of gas stations (using the example of Shymkent megacity)

Abstract

The rapid urbanization and economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan have led to a growing demand for fuel infrastructure, particularly gas stations in large cities. However, the commissioning of such facilities is associated with significant environmental, technological, and safety risks. This study focuses on risk assessment during the launch of gas stations in urban conditions, using the example of Shymkent megacity.

The research aims to identify key risk factors, evaluate their probability and potential consequences, and develop practical recommendations for risk mitigation. The study is based on the analysis of national regulatory frameworks of Kazakhstan, as well as the application of qualitative and semi-quantitative risk assessment methods, including hazard identification and risk matrix approaches.

The results indicate that the most critical risks are associated with fuel leakage, fire and explosion hazards, equipment failures, and human factors. Special attention is given to environmental risks, including soil and groundwater contamination, which are particularly relevant under urban conditions with high population density.

The findings emphasize the necessity of an integrated risk management approach that considers local environmental, climatic, and regulatory conditions in Kazakhstan. The proposed recommendations can be applied to improve the safety and sustainability of gas station projects at the stage of commissioning in rapidly developing urban areas.