STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF KAZAKHSTAN’S INDUSTRY: THE IMPACT OF INNOVATION IMPORT AND LOCALIZATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH
Keywords:
diffusion of innovation, manufacturing industry, production localization, import of competencies, Industry 4.0, economic complexityAbstract
The article investigates the mechanisms of modernization within the industrial sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan amidst global competition. It analyzes the role of international diffusion of innovations and foreign direct investment in altering the structure of the Gross Domestic Product. Based on empirical data from the automotive industry, railway engineering, and the oil and gas complex, the study evaluates the efficiency of the transition from resource-intensive production to high-value-added manufacturing. The processes of deepening localization and the borrowing of advanced engineering competencies are examined as key factors in labor productivity growth.
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