Modern Scientific Method

THE USE OF INTERACTIVE METHODS AND TECHNIQUES IN TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

SARIYEVA ASSEMGUL KYDYRBAEVNA — 2025-06-16

this article presents a method of brainstorming to attract students ' interest to the lesson. It is said that this approach can reveal the topic of a new lesson by asking questions before starting a new lesson, and if we can choose new methods based on their meaning and characteristics, we will achieve certain success in Language Teaching

Pedagogical Innovation in Flight Instruction: Personalizing Pilot Training for Safer Skies

Eoryang Pak — 2025-06-16

This paper explores the application of pedagogical innovation in modern flight instruction. Drawing from real-world examples, it emphasizes the effectiveness of personalized teaching strategies, simulator integration, and human-centered approaches to improve pilot training outcomes. With a focus on enhancing aviation safety, the study presents methodologies that align with educational sciences and offers insight into how adaptive instruction can produce more capable and responsible pilots. Furthermore, the paper suggests reforms for instructor development based on proven pedagogical frameworks.

Shaping Safer Pilots: The Psychological Impact of Human Factors Training in Early Flight Instruction

Eoryang Pak — 2025-06-16

This paper explores the crucial psychological dimension of flight training, emphasizing how early exposure to human factors principles influences long-term pilot safety and professionalism. The study highlights the instructor's role in shaping a pilot's decision-making mindset, emotional resilience, and communication patterns. It argues for integrating psychological training as a foundational aspect of flight instruction, rather than a procedural afterthought at the airline level

Bridging Real and Simulated Environments: Maximizing Flight Simulator Effectiveness in Modern Pilot Training

Eoryang Pak — 2025-06-16

This paper explores the critical role of flight simulators in modern aviation training. As aircraft operation relies heavily on procedural accuracy, simulators provide an affordable and efficient platform for mastering procedural discipline, instrument proficiency, and checklist flow. Although they lack the physical fidelity of real aircraft in terms of maneuver sensation and landing feel, simulators like AATD, Redbird, and Frasca offer significant advantages in repetition, scenario training, and UPRT (Upset Prevention and Recovery Training). This study emphasizes how integrating simulation early in flight instruction strengthens pilot decision-making and enhances overall aviation safety.

Visual, Optical Art and Illusions in Costume

L.G. Kiknavelidze — 2025-06-16

Costume art, as a system, represents a combination of silhouette, construction, color, and texture, all of which are subject to various interpretations of visual perception. An optical illusion is a visual illusion — a misperception of visual stimuli caused by different factors, such as inaccuracies or inadequacies in the unconscious correction processes of visual representation (e.g., incorrect assessment of segment lengths, angles, colors, illusions of movement in depicted objects, etc.). The physical causes of optical illusions have been studied both in the context of the physiology of vision and the psychology of visual perception. In artistic imagery, the deliberate distortion of perspective creates special effects, most famously demonstrated in the works of M.C. Escher (see, for example, his lithographs: Up and Down (1947), Convex and Concave (1955), Belvedere (1958), and others). The creation of optical illusions was also a frequent theme in Salvador Dalí’s works (see, for instance, his paintings Slave Market with the Disappearing Bust of Voltaire (1938), Swans Reflecting Elephants (1937), and others).

Тозған ауылшаруашылық жерлерін картаға түсіруде ГАЖ жүйесінің рөлі

Баймахан Ғ.А. — 2025-06-16

Ауылшаруашылық жерлерінің тозуы – адамзаттың азық-түлік қауіпсіздігіне, экологиялық тепе-теңдікке және әлеуметтік тұрақтылыққа тікелей қауіп төндіретін жаһандық мәселе. Тозу үдерістері – топырақтың физикалық, химиялық және биологиялық қасиеттерінің нашарлауына әкелетін ұзақ мерзімді процестер. Қазақстанда, әсіресе, құрғақшылық пен су тапшылығы байқалатын оңтүстік және батыс өңірлерде бұл мәселе ерекше өзекті. Тозған жерлерді анықтау, қадағалау және қалпына келтіру үшін қазіргі заманғы цифрлық құралдар қажет. Солардың ішіндегі ең тиімдісі – геоақпараттық жүйелер (ГАЖ).

ГАЖ технологиялары жер ресурстарын кешенді басқаруға, олардың жай-күйін картаға түсіруге, уақыт бойынша өзгерістерді бақылауға мүмкіндік береді. Бұл мақалада ГАЖ жүйесінің тозған ауылшаруашылық жерлерін зерттеудегі және картаға түсірудегі рөлі қарастырылады.

Қазақстан экономикасын дамытудың өзекті мәселелері: туризмді дамыту жолдары

Шапшанова Г. Б. — 2025-06-16

Мақалада Қазақстан Республикасының экономикалық жағдайын дамытуда туризмнің маңызы қарастырылған. Экономиканың маңызды салаларының бірі- туризм. Туризм жаңа жұмыс орындарын ашуға, инвестиция тартуға және аймақтық дамуды ынталандыруға мүмкіндік береді. Зерттеу бойынша осы жағдайлар талданып, туризмді дамыту тетіктері ұсынылды.

Police in the 21st Century: Current Missions and Changing Challenges

Țical George-Marius — 2025-06-16

The 21st century brings to the forefront a profound transformation of the role and responsibilities of the police, amid the technological explosion, globalization, and changes within the sphere of criminality. This article examines the current missions of the police in a complex society, where traditional crime coexists with digital and transnational criminality. Through documentary analysis, corroborated with perspectives from recent literature and relevant examples, the main challenges are identified: adapting to technological change, staff shortages, lack of resources, social pressure, and maintaining public trust. The study emphasizes that modern policing can no longer operate in isolation but requires solid partnerships with the private sector, civil society, and the local community to effectively combat crime.

At the same time, the article explores the impact of new technologies-from predictive analytics and digital surveillance to international cooperation in fighting organized crime. It highlights the importance of continuous training, professional specialization, and institutional transparency, as well as the need for legislative reforms to ensure respect for human rights. Special attention is paid to the concept of “synergy”, understood as the strategic integration of all relevant actors’ efforts.

The article concludes that, in order to respond to new threats and maintain its legitimacy, the police must become an adaptable actor, open to change, capable of combining operational efficiency with respect for democratic values. Institutional reform, digitalization, partnership with citizens, and the development of digital skills are essential pillars for maintaining safety and social stability in a continuously changing world.

Orijinal dinləmə materiallarının gücü: BBC sənədli filmləri ilə passiv dil bacarıqlarından aktiv istifadəyə keçid

Həsənova Vüsalə Fərrux qızı — 2025-06-16

Bu məqalədə BBC sənədli filmlərinin transkriptləri ilə birlikdə istifadəsinin xarici dil tədrisindəki effektivliyi araşdırılır. Dərsin başlanğıcında effektiv giriş mərhələsinin təşkili şagirdlərin motivasiyasını artırmaqla və dərs prosesinə fokuslanmanı təmin etməklə yanaşı istər tarix, istər biologiya, istərsə də mədəniyyətlərarası inteqrasiyaya xidmət edən mövzular tələbələrin əvvəlki bilgilərinin canlandırılmasında və onları ilkin müzakirəyə təşviq etməkdə əsaslı rol oynayır. Multimodal kontekst – vizual və audio elementlərin sintezi – öyrənənlərin leksik çətinlikləri aşaraq məzmunu başa düşməsinə və aktiv müzakirələrə cəlb olunmasına şərait yaradırdı. Yeni lüğətin idarə olunması üçün dərs zamanı istifadə olunan videolardan dəstəkləyici alıntılar, vizual lüğətin yadda saxlanılmasına və sonrakı istifadəsinə əsaslı töhvə verirdi. Bu strateji yanaşma ilə birinci kurs A2 dil səviyyəli şagirdlərlə aparılan bir aylıq eksperiment nəticəsində dinləmə və oxu kimi passiv bacarıqlarda 20%, yazı və danışıq kimi aktiv bacarıqlarında 15% artım qeydə alındı.

Студенттерде емтихан тапсыру кезеңінде қан айналымы жүйесінің кейбір гемодинамикалық көрсеткіштерінің өзгеру жағдайы

Мешітбай Б.Д — 2025-06-16

Бұл жұмыс емтихан кезеңінде студенттердің қан айналымы жүйесінің кейбір гемодинамикалық параметрлерінің өзгерістерін зерттейді. Емтихандағы стресс - организмнің әртүрлі физиологиялық реакцияларын тудыруы мүмкін маңызды психоэмоционалды фактор. Зерттеу емтиханға дейінгі және емтихан кезеңінде студенттердің қан қысымы, жүрек соғу жиілігі және жүрек соғу жиілігінің өзгермелілігі сияқты параметрлерге талдау жасады. Алынған деректер систолалық және диастолалық қысымның жоғарылауын, жүрек соғу жиілігінің жоғарылауын және жүрек соғу жиілігінің өзгермелілігінің төмендеуін көрсетеді, бұл симпатоадренальды жүйенің белсендірілуін және стресс деңгейінің жоғарылауын көрсетеді

Analysis of Digital Marketing Activities of SMEs in the European Union

Arif Isgandarov Asif — 2025-06-16

To develop effectively and efficiently, SMEs in the European Union must adopt modern communication tools for interactions between businesses and workers, as well as between businesses and customers. In this context, digital marketing plays a crucial role in enhancing the competitiveness and visibility of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This article analyzes the role of digital marketing in SME operations within the EU, focusing on how it facilitates communication, engagement, and the promotion of products and services. The paper highlights that digital marketing tools, such as social media, email campaigns, and SEO, are essential for building brand awareness, increasing customer loyalty, and expanding market reach. Furthermore, the article discusses how SMEs can leverage digital marketing strategies to target specific audiences and improve their marketing effectiveness. Finally, the importance of digital marketing in strengthening the competitive position of SMEs in the EU market is emphasized, demonstrating how it enables businesses to adapt to market changes and meet customer expectations

The Explainable AI

Tayyara Asgarova — 2025-06-16

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly integral to decision-making in critical domains such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and criminal justice. While these systems often achieve remarkable predictive accuracy—especially when powered by complex models like deep neural networks—they frequently lack interpretability. This opacity presents a fundamental challenge: when AI-driven decisions significantly impact human lives, stakeholders must understand not just what decisions were made, but why and how they were reached.

This challenge has given rise to the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). XAI aims to bridge the gap between the powerful but opaque "black-box" models and the need for transparency, trust, and accountability. It seeks to render AI systems more interpretable without significantly compromising performance, thereby enabling users to evaluate, trust, and act upon AI-generated outputs with greater confidence.

In this article, we present a structured overview of the current landscape of XAI, covering foundational principles, categorization of explanation techniques, key tools and methods, and real-world applications. Special emphasis is placed on the trade-offs between accuracy and interpretability, the varying needs of different stakeholders, and the ethical implications of opaque AI systems. We conclude by identifying ongoing challenges in the field and outlining directions for future research and development.

By offering a clear, practical, and comprehensive synthesis of the state of the art in XAI, this article serves as a reference for both technical practitioners and interdisciplinary stakeholders navigating the growing demand for transparent and responsible AI

Clustering Algorithms in Swarm-Based Robotic Systems

Oleg Huseynov — 2025-06-16

This article explores the application of clustering algorithms in swarm robotics, a field inspired by biological collectives and characterized by decentralized, self-organizing robotic behavior. Clustering, as a method of unsupervised learning, provides a foundation for grouping robots by behavior, location, or task allocation without central control. The article presents an overview of major clustering methods—such as K-Means, DBSCAN, OPTICS, and fuzzy clustering—and examines their adaptability for distributed, communication-constrained robotic systems. Practical applications in foraging, exploration, and task allocation are analyzed, along with associated challenges such as sensor noise, communication limitations, and dynamic environments. Performance metrics used to evaluate clustering effectiveness are also discussed. The study concludes that clustering algorithms significantly enhance coordination and task efficiency in swarm robotic systems and highlights the need for continued research to address real-world deployment issues and enable scalable, fault-tolerant solutions.

Comparative characteristics of methods of extraction of wild-growing raw materials of Northern Kazakhstan

Zhakupova G.N. — 2025-06-16

Plant polyphenols are an important group of bioactive compounds with pronounced antioxidant properties. They are able to neutralize free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, and prevent the development of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory pathologies. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various methods for extracting the total amount of phenolic compounds from three types of medicinal plants: sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis), St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea). Three methods were considered in the work: maceration, percolation (using the Soxlet apparatus) and extraction using curd whey as an environmentally friendly solvent. The parameters of temperature, hydraulic module and processing time were studied and optimized. Experimental data have shown that the highest content of phenolic compounds is achieved using the percolation method with 70% ethyl alcohol. Despite the use of curd whey provides a lower yield of polyphenols, this method has the advantages of environmental safety and the possibility of integration into non-alcoholic technologies. The results obtained can be used in the development of functional food products and natural antioxidant supplements with a high level of biological activity.

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Agricultural Development

Nana Parulava — 2025-06-16

Environmental pollution represents one of the most significant global challenges of the 21st century. Agriculture, as a vitally important sector, not only experiences the negative impacts of environmental degradation but can also be one of its causes when traditional, intensive methods are used. Specifically, agriculture is responsible for approximately 18% of global greenhouse gas emissions, 70% of freshwater usage, and about 33% of the world's agricultural land is degraded. Modern technologies, especially artificial intelligence, offer innovative solutions for developing more sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture.
Modern agriculture increasingly suffers from a shortage of qualified labor, which creates significant obstacles to the sector's effective development. The outflow of the younger generation from rural areas and the physically demanding working conditions exacerbate this problem, making it necessary to implement automation of agricultural processes.
Traditional methods based on manual labor are often inefficient, characterized by low productivity and high risk, which significantly hinders the full realization of agricultural potential. In this context, the integration of artificial intelligence into automated systems offers a revolutionary approach to overcoming existing challenges.
Robots and autonomous systems equipped with artificial intelligence can perform routine and labor-intensive tasks (such as sowing, harvesting, weed control) with high precision and efficiency. Additionally, real-time data analysis and decision-making by artificial intelligence enable the optimization of automated processes and more rational use of resources, which ultimately contributes to increasing agricultural productivity and sustainability.
For example, the automation of modern irrigation systems, which often use artificial intelligence algorithms to analyze soil moisture, weather forecasts, and plant needs, significantly reduces the need for human resources in managing irrigation processes. Automated systems ensure more efficient use of water resources, prevent excessive watering or drying out, which positively affects both yield and the environment.
There are numerous studies confirming the effectiveness of using artificial intelligence to optimize irrigation systems. These studies show that artificial intelligence models can significantly improve water use efficiency and reduce irrigation costs. For instance, a study published in the journal "Agricultural Water Management" shows that using artificial intelligence models can reduce water usage by up to 30% and increase yields. This study used machine learning algorithms to analyze soil moisture, weather, and crop requirement data to optimize irrigation schedules. There are also studies where artificial intelligence is used to monitor irrigation systems, detecting water leakage and other problems, which in turn reduces costs and improper water usage.
In another study conducted by the University of California, researchers developed an artificial intelligence system that uses sensors and satellite images to assess irrigation needs in real-time. Results showed that this system was able to reduce water usage by 25% while maintaining yield. These studies demonstrate that artificial intelligence models can significantly improve water use efficiency and reduce irrigation costs.
The purpose of this article is to explore the potential of artificial intelligence in developing sustainable fruit farming, with a special emphasis on optimizing organic product production using automated irrigation systems and other intelligent agro-technologies. This article also considers sharing international experience in implementing artificial intelligence in agriculture. The article discusses Germany's approach to AI implementation in agriculture, specifically in fruit farming.

ҮЙРЕК ЕТІНЕН ЫСТАЛҒАН ШҰЖЫҚ ӘЗІРЛЕУ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСЫ

Туменова Дильназ Губайдоллақызы — 2025-06-16

Бұл мақалада үйрек етін терең өңдеу арқылы тағамдық құндылығы жоғары, ерекше органолептикалық қасиеттерге ие ысталған шұжық өнімін дайындау технологиясы зерттелді. Зерттеу Жәңгір хан атындағы Батыс Қазақстан аграрлық-техникалық университетінің зертханасында жүргізілді. Шикізат ретінде Медео тұқымды үйрек еті мен сиыр еті 50/50 қатынасында қолданылды. Қоспа құрамына натрий нитриті, ас тұзы, кептірілген сарымсақ, чили, қара бұрыш және даршын енгізілді. Технологиялық үдеріс кезеңдері толық сипатталып, органолептикалық көрсеткіштер бойынша дайын өнімнің сапасы жоғары деңгейде екені анықталды. Зерттеу нәтижелері үйрек етін қайта өңдеу арқылы шұжық өндірісін әртараптандыруға мүмкіндік беретінін көрсетті.

CERVICAL CANCER: MODERN CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGY

Arman Khozhayev — 2025-06-16

This scientific work purposefully analyzes modern world and regional data on incidence, mortality and five-year survival rate of the most common oncological pathology of gynecological localization – cervical cancer. In addition to the issues of etiology and pathogenesis, the features of distribution, clinical manifestations, modern principles of early diagnostics and prognosis of this formidable disease for the coming decades are shown. The article reflects in detail the achieved successes and modern directions of development of prevention of this pathology in the form of vaccination against HPV and applied screening programs. A multifactorial epidemiological characteristic of this pathology in our republic is given in the context of the regions of the country

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ САХАРНОГО ДИАБЕТА У ДЕТЕЙ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА: РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ

Көлбаева Гулжанар Мұхтарқызы — 2025-06-16

Сахарный диабет 1 типа у детей дошкольного возраста является серьезной эндокринной патологией, требующей своевременной диагностики и тщательного контроля. В данном возрастном периоде заболевание характеризуется высокой лабильностью углеводного обмена, что затрудняет управление терапией и повышает риск развития осложнений.

Проблема осложняется тем, что дети младшего возраста не способны самостоятельно описывать своё состояние, в связи с чем диагностика может быть запоздалой, особенно при атипичных симптомах. Частые колебания гликемии, включая как гипогликемии, так и гипергликемии, создают угрозу для развития острых состояний и формирования ранних хронических осложнений. Кроме того, устойчивый гликемический контроль в значительной степени зависит от соблюдения инсулинового режима и питания, что в случае с маленькими детьми полностью ложится на родителей, чья недостаточная осведомлённость и высокая нагрузка могут приводить к систематическим ошибкам в управлении заболеванием.

Дополнительным отягчающим фактором выступает тот факт, что именно в дошкольном возрасте закладываются основы пищевого поведения, распорядка дня и эмоционального восприятия болезни. Невозможность ребёнка полноценно участвовать в собственной терапии требует от медицинской системы комплексного подхода: помимо контроля за физическим состоянием, необходимы образовательные и психологические вмешательства, ориентированные на семью.

В условиях роста заболеваемости диабетом 1 типа среди детей и тенденции к его дебюту в более раннем возрасте становится особенно важным выявление факторов, влияющих на течение болезни, а также разработка персонализированных стратегий наблюдения и лечения. Исследование, направленное на анализ клинических и поведенческих аспектов течения диабета у детей 3–6 лет, позволяет не только точнее понять особенности патогенеза в этой группе, но и выстроить практические рекомендации для снижения риска осложнений.

THE EVOLUTION OF THE THEORY OF SOCIAL IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION

Yenseyeva Venera — 2025-06-16

This article explores the evolution of the theory of social identity in the context of globalization. The phenomenon of identity has become central to modern sociology and social theory due to increasing pressures on personal and collective identity across the globe. The study examines classical and contemporary approaches to identity, including psychodynamic, sociological, and integrative frameworks, and outlines how Western, Soviet, Russian, and Kazakhstani scholars have contributed to identity discourse. Special attention is paid to the Kazakh context, including post-Soviet transformations, repatriation, diaspora relations, and the semantic and political implications of the term oralman. The article demonstrates the importance of rethinking identity theory in relation to nation-building and social integration in a multiethnic society

Влияние углеродных точек на фотовольтаические свойства сенсибилизованных красителями солнечных ячеек

Нурболат Жаналган — 2025-06-16

В работе представлены результаты влияния углеродных точек (УТ) на эффективность сенсибилизации полупроводника молекулами красителей и фотовольтаические свойства солнечных ячеек. Добавлении УТ в рабочий электрод позволяет добиться почти двукратного прироста КПД солнечных ячеек. При этом наиболее оптимальным является использование O,N - допированных УТ, синтезированных из лимонной кислоты и мочевины. Увеличение эффективности солнечных ячеек с УТ является результатом роста поглощательной способности полупроводника и улучшения зарядо-транспортных параметров солнечных ячеек.

APPLICATION OF THE AMPERE LAW IN ROCKET TECHNOLOGY AND ARTILLERY

Orujov Arif Kabı — 2025-06-16

The development of physics leads to the development of many industries, as well as military equipment. Military actions taking place on planet Earth, uninvited “guests” from space - various celestial bodies such as meteorites, etc., push scientists to create new military technologies for the purpose of security. One of such technological military products is various missiles, including ballistic missiles and artillery devices. Electromagnetic weapons are weapons in which a magnetic field is used to give the projectile an initial velocity, or the energy of electromagnetic radiation is used directly to hit the target. In the first case, the magnetic field is used as an alternative to explosives in firearms. In the second case, the ability to induce high-voltage currents and disable electrical and electronic equipment as a result of the resulting overvoltage or causing pain effects or other effects in humans is used. Weapons of the second type are positioned as safe for people and serve to disable enemy equipment or render enemy manpower incapacitated. belongs to the category of non-lethal weapons [2-3]. The thrust force in almost all such aircraft is created by the energy of rocket fuels - gaseous, liquid, solid substances. Such devices are characterized by the fact that the thrust force acts until the fuel is completely burned or until the assigned task is completed, polluting the surrounding space. This work proposes a method for using electromagnetic phenomena to create thrust. For this purpose, two coils can be used: the first coil or group of coils is fixed to the body of the launch vehicle or on a fixed launcher, and the second coil on the same axis with the first coils, and they are fixed to the body of the rocket itself. It is proposed that all coils were made of superconductor material, because superconductors are capable of conducting electric current without resistance and without energy loss. The rocket is installed on an installation containing electronic installations. Here coil I is fixed with the help of stoppers installed on a wide range of carriers, which include: fixed installations, military ships, submarines, various types of aircraft, and coil II, made of high-temperature superconductor, is fixed in the rocket itself with a special stopper, which can be released at the right moment. With the help of special electronic devices, it is immediately released from the fastening (from the valves, stoppers, stopper) and under the action of a large Ampere force receives a large acceleration. Determining the characteristics of the coils and their geometric shape arrangement is a separate design study. According to Ampere's law, two coils will interact with the Ampere force, then coil II released from the stopper together with the rocket will receive acceleration. To study the mechanical motion of the rocket, in addition to other forces, first of all, it is necessary to know the initial force acting from coil I on coil II.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ СОЛНЕЧНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА НА ОСНОВЕ ДИОКСИДА ТИТАНА

МАМАТОВА ДИЛЬНУРА ГАЛЫМОВНА — 2025-06-16

В данной статье рассмотрены электрофизические свойства солнечных элементов, основанных на диоксиде титана (TiO₂), а также влияние добавок красителей (N6, 5111) на их характеристики. Проведены экспериментальные исследования вольт-амперных характеристик солнечных ячеек в различных условиях освещения. Показано, что сочетание TiO₂ с определёнными красителями позволяет повысить эффективность преобразования солнечной энергии за счёт увеличения плотности тока и улучшения фоточувствительности. Отмечены преимущества TiO₂ как полупроводника — экологическая чистота, высокая химическая стабильность и доступность, а также указаны его ограничения, преодоление которых возможно посредством модификации состава. Полученные результаты подтверждают перспективность применения модифицированных солнечных элементов на основе TiO₂ в энергетике и смежных отраслях.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ЗОНДИРОВАНИЯ ЗЕМЛИ

ЕРБОЛ АЛТЫНАЙ — 2025-06-16

В статье рассматриваются фотоэлектрические свойства солнечных элементов на основе диоксида титана с использованием органических полиметиновых красителей. Приведены методики приготовления пористых тонкопленочных структур методом doctor-blading, а также результаты термической обработки и их влияние на эффективность преобразования солнечной энергии. Особое внимание уделено влиянию различных красителей на параметры солнечных элементов, таким как напряжение холостого хода, ток короткого замыкания и коэффициент полезного действия. Показано, что добавление красителей способствует повышению эффективности преобразования энергии без увеличения дефектов пленки.

Проблемы и перспективы модернизации лифтового оборудования в Казахстане

Сембаев Расул Акумбекович — 2025-06-16

По данным Национальной Ассоциации Лифтовиков Казахстана (НАЛК), около четверти всех лифтов в стране требуют проведения ремонта либо полной замены [51]. Большая часть из них — это устаревшие устройства, срок эксплуатации которых превышает 25 лет. Согласно нормативным требованиям, такие лифты допускается использовать только после проведения модернизации либо замены. Инциденты, связанные с эксплуатацией лифтов в Казахстане, встречаются достаточно часто. По данным Министерства по чрезвычайным ситуациям, в 2023 году в стране зарегистрировано четыре подобных случая, а в 2024 году — три, из которых два произошли в Абайской области, в результате чего пострадали восемь человек. Один из инцидентов случился в апреле 2024 года в доме, построенном в конце 1990-х годов: лифт с шестью пассажирами упал с высоты. По предварительным данным, причиной стала перегрузка подъемника. Кроме того, аварии с лифтами фиксируются и в новостройках. Жительница Астаны сообщила о регулярных поломках лифта в своем новом жилом комплексе, что вызывает значительные неудобства у жителей, особенно у проживающих на верхних этажах. Представители обслуживающей организации не смогли установить причины неисправностей и направили запрос производителю лифтового оборудования. Эксперты связывают подобные проблемы с приобретением лифтов у ненадежных поставщиков, зачастую обходящих официальных дистрибьюторов. Президент Национальной ассоциации лифтовиков Ержан Игибаев [51] поясняет, что для новых жилых комплексов рекомендуется закупать оборудование исключительно у официальных дистрибьюторов заводов-изготовителей. Это обеспечивает возможность оперативного устранения неисправностей и доступ к качественным комплектующим. Тем не менее, многие застройщики приобретают лифты напрямую на китайском рынке у непроверенных производителей, что затрудняет дальнейшее обслуживание и ремонт. По данным Ассоциации, в жилом фонде Казахстана установлено около 30 тысяч лифтов, а в коммерческих и государственных учреждениях — еще почти 15 тысяч. В мае 2025 года Ассоциация провела исследование, выявившее около 6700 устаревших лифтов, эксплуатация которых продолжается сверх установленного срока. Эти подъемники требуют либо модернизации, либо полной замены. Ответственность за проведение соответствующих мероприятий возлагается на местные исполнительные органы и жильцов многоэтажек. В Алматы обновление лифтового парка прошло в течение двух лет, в то время как в других регионах — например, в Усть-Каменогорске, Атырау и Павлодаре — работы выполняются значительно медленнее.

The role of clusterization and digitalization in promoting innovative tourism based on free economic zones

Akhtursunova A.O. — 2025-06-16

In the modern world, the tourism industry is becoming one of the drivers of economic growth, especially for regions seeking economic diversification and investment inflows. Innovative tourism is a concept involving the introduction of new technologies, products, and business models into the tourism sector to enhance its competitiveness and sustainability. Clustering (the creation of geographically concentrated groups of interconnected enterprises and institutions) and digitalization (the active use of digital technologies and data) of the industry are becoming increasingly important factors for the successful development of innovative tourism. Of particular interest are special economic zones (SEZs) – territories with special business conditions – as platforms on the basis of which tourist clusters can be formed and advanced digital solutions can be implemented.

The relevance of the topic is due to global trends, because tourism is recognized as one of the leading industries contributing to economic development, attracting investment and creating jobs in developing countries. Following the turmoil of the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for innovation in tourism has increased as the industry has faced security challenges, changing consumer behavior, and digital inequality. Governments in many countries have begun to pay more attention to the development of tourism clusters – associations of business, science and government – and the promotion of digital technologies in tourism to increase the efficiency and adaptability of the industry. At the same time, free economic zones are considered as convenient “testing grounds” for testing such initiatives due to special taxation regimes, benefits and concentrated infrastructure.

The purpose of this article is to explore the role of clusterization and digitalization in promoting innovative tourism using the example of international cases based in free economic zones (for example, China, the United Arab Emirates, Singapore, etc.), summarize the results and formulate recommendations for the further development of innovative tourism through clusters and digitalization in special zones.

ЗАВДАННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ РЕСТРУКТУРИЗАЦІЇ КАПІТАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

Клименко Світлана Олександрівна — 2025-06-16

Фінансова реструктуризація полягає у оптимізації фінансової структури компанії з метою мінімізації сукупних витрат і покращення координації фінансових потоків. що обумовлює необхідність вирішення проблем, пов’язаних з підвищенням ефективності прийняття управлінських рішень. Основними загальноприйнятими критеріями оптимізації структури капіталу підприємств є: політика фінансування капіталу, вартість підприємства, вартість акцій підприємства, середньозважена вартість капіталу та ін. Застосування методу фінансового левериджу у вирішенні питання щодо управління структурою капіталу дозволяє визначити доцільність залучення того чи іншого виду капіталу, проводити комплексу оцінку оптимальності структури капіталу та здійснювати її оптимізацію з метою досягнення стратегічних і тактичних цілей розвитку підприємства. Відсутність комплексного підходу до визначення оптимального співвідношення між власним і залученим капіталом стає на перешкоді до прийняття ефективних управлінських рішень щодо адаптації підприємств до динамічних умов ринкового середовища в аспекті фінансової реструктуризації капіталу.

Observation of Georgia's Macroeconomic Policy of late 90-s as the Grounding of the Country's Economic Advance

Davit Aslanishvili — 2025-06-16

The article discusses the macroeconomic stabilization policy implemented in Georgia in the late 1990s, privatization methods, problems, the 1998 financial crisis and its impact. The economic situation in the mid-1990s and the situation at the end of the 1990s are compared, and a forecast for the future is made.

Outcomes of Stabilization program and Investment Opportunities in Georgia as of 1998

Kristine Omadze — 2025-06-16

In this article was presented the first signs of investment attractiveness of Georgia, based on economic reforms and currency stabilization. At the same time, high interest rate and lack of funding was the most challenging problems as of 1998. It is sown the progress in economy, culture, science and international relations.

The Impact of Heritage and Culture to Fashion and Luxury Industry: LVMH Case

Jakhongirbek Temirov — 2025-06-16

Since decades, the definition of luxury has been prominently changed its definition for a number of reasons counting diverseness, complexity, status and rapid and constant evolvement of luxury brands. Given the subjective nature of the term and etymological point of view, the word luxury comes from the Latin “luxus”, which means “overabundance, excess in the way of life". Luxury was first only subjected for the monarchy and aristocracy and revolved around lavish parties, golden plates, big mansions, caviar, champagne and servants. The first notions of luxury began with French monarchy living lavish lives of luxury, which set standards for luxury, being reserved only to a selected few. In our current age and daily life luxury is a term, which can mean differently to different individuals based on their status, taste and preferences. It is, as a completely superfluous, based on the attainment of desires and is not considered a need to our daily life. Luxury is more a psychological need to fill our satisfaction and inferiority. “Luxury is about pleasure and satisfaction of the senses” (Okonkwo, 2010). Setting the definition of the term is the responsibility of brands and consumers, considering the heritage, legacy and history of the brands.

As the consumption of luxury is rapidly changing, the trendsetters are having challenges to play on consumers taste and demand. The biggest conglomerate LVMH (Louis Vuitton and Moët Hennessy) operating in 5 different sectors within 75 Maisons, in 2021 with a valuation of $329 billion became the most valuable company in Europe.

The aim of this research is to analyze the evolutionary context of the luxury sector and investigate what the primary strategies are underlying the exponential growth of luxury brands registered until 2021. The analysis of LVMH Group’s history and strategic choices aims to highlight differences and similarities in the management of the brands and identify those actions that have allowed the brands to differentiate and reinvent themselves. Moreover, it will show how the heritage of these brands has been influencing for the development of the brands.

In the first part of my writing, I want to highlight the challenges and

strategic management of the group in corporate level with focus on how Bernard Arnault became the owner of LVMH and discussing his early takeovers. Following there will be a focus on unique operating model anchored by six pillars approach and fundamental values strategy underling in deep in each of the pillars and values of the company. In the last part, there will be an overview of the group’s supply chain and digitalization following the Covid 19 pandemic.

The second part of the thesis mainly focuses on how the inherited value and culture of the brands can be transferred into business strategy. The heritage will be the main concept of the chapter, following the art of “Savoir Faire” and it’s transmission. Additionally there will be a deep dive into Ethics and Compliance of LVMH group.

КӘCІПOPЫННЫҢ БИЗНЕC ПPOЦЕCТЕPІН OҢТAЙЛAНДЫPУДAҒЫ ЖACAНДЫ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТІҢ PӨЛІ

Кегенбаев Мирас Мейрамбекович — 2025-06-16

Технoлoгия дәуіpінің шapықтaу кезеңінде кәcіпopындapдың тиімді жұмыc іcтеуі мен нapықтaғы бәcекеге қaбілеттілігін caқтaу — aвтoмaттaндыpу мен интеллектуaлды жүйелеpді енгізуcіз мүмкін емеc. Ocы тұpғыдa жacaнды интеллект (ЖИ) — бизнеc пpoцеcтеpді oңтaйлaндыpудa шешуші құpaлғa aйнaлып келеді. ЖИ apқылы кoмпaниялap oпеpaциялық шығындapды қыcқapтып, жұмыc жылдaмдығын apттыpып, aдaми фaктop әcеpін aзaйтып, деpектеpге негізделген шешім қaбылдaуғa қoл жеткізуде.

Жacaнды интеллект — aдaмның кoгнитивті қaбілеттеpін имитaциялaйтын, деpектеpді тaлдaп, бoлжaм жacaп, шешім қaбылдaй aлaтын aлгopитмдеp мен жүйелеp жиынтығы.[1] Ocы технoлoгиялapдың көмегімен кәcіпopындap қaйтaлaнaтын пpoцеcтеpді aвтoмaттaндыpып, үлкен деpектеpді тиімді capaптaй aлaды.

Бизнеc пpoцеcі — кәcіпopын ішіндегі өнім немеcе қызметті жacaуғa бaғыттaлғaн біpізді әpекеттеp тізбегі. Бұл пpoцеcтеpдің тиімді жұмыc іcтеуі тaбыcтың, бәcекеге қaбілеттіліктің және тұтынушы қaнaғaттaнуының негізгі фaктopы бoлып тaбылaды.[1]

Бизнеc пpoцеcін oңтaйлaндыpу – бұл кәcіпopын ішіндегі жұмыcтapды тиімді әpі нәтижелі етуге бaғыттaлғaн шapaлap жиынтығы.[1] Бұл пpoцеcте pеcуpcтapды үнемдеу, уaқытты қыcқapту және өнім caпacын apттыpу бacты мaқcaттap бoлып тaбылaды.

Enhancing Project Risk Management in Construction: Integrated Approach and Practical Recommendations

Assel Bissenova — 2025-06-16

The growing complexity of construction projects creates increasing demands for advanced risk management systems in construction companies. This study examines the current state of project risk management in a large construction company operating in Kazakhstan and international markets, and develops a comprehensive set of organizational, methodological, digital, and cultural recommendations for enhancing its maturity level. Using a mixed-method approach combining literature review, internal document analysis, expert interviews, employee surveys, and case studies, the research identifies key deficiencies and opportunities for improvement. The proposed solutions target formalization of responsibilities, integration of quantitative risk analysis, digitalization of risk registers, and development of risk-oriented corporate culture.

Современные подходы к формированию системы развития персонала

Каримбаева Айсұлу Темірғалиқызы — 2025-06-16

В условиях ускоренной цифровизации, глобализации и трансформации форм занятости концепция развития персонала приобрела новое содержание и масштабы. Современные подходы к формированию систем развития персонала опираются на стратегическое мышление, гибкость, непрерывность, персонализацию и цифровые инструменты. В данном литературном обзоре систематизированы наиболее значимые теоретические и практико-ориентированные подходы, нашедшие отражение в трудах отечественных и зарубежных исследователей [14].

Современные исследователи подчёркивают, что система развития персонала должна быть неотъемлемой частью стратегии компании. Многими исследователями подчёркивается, что развитие должно строиться с учётом долгосрочных целей бизнеса, обеспечивая соответствие между организационными приоритетами и кадровыми возможностями. Такой подход предполагает активную интеграцию HR-политики с корпоративной стратегией, в том числе на уровне показателей эффективности [15].

Более того, авторы акцентируют внимание на необходимости выстраивания вертикали целей: от стратегических задач до индивидуальных планов развития сотрудников. Это позволяет не только выровнять мотивацию персонала с целями организации, но и формировать устойчивую культуру профессионального роста [16].

INTRODUCTION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN HEALTHCARE: THE EXPERIENCE OF KAZAKHSTAN

Kozhekenova Gaukhar Altynbekovna — 2025-06-16

The article is devoted to assessing the impact of information technology implementation on the management of medical organizations. It examines the theoretical foundations of healthcare digitalization and international and Kazakhstani experience. Using the example of a city polyclinic in the Republic of Kazakhstan, changes in management processes following the implementation of a medical information system are analyzed. Positive results are noted: increased management efficiency, improved quality of patient care, and a reduction in the number of errors. Current problems are highlighted and recommendations are made for the further development of digital infrastructure in medical institutions. The data obtained confirm the effectiveness of IT as a tool for improving management performance in healthcare. The introduction of information technology in healthcare: the experience of Kazakhstan