Morphology of the Sinus of Valsalva, Aortic Valve, and Pulmonary Valve in Normal Hearts and in Aortic Hypoplasia

Abstract

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) occupy one of the leading positions among congenital developmental defects. The incidence of CHDs worldwide ranges from 2.4 to 14.2 per 1,000 newborns. Timely diagnosis of this pathology and appropriate surgical correction are extremely important.

Without timely treatment, approximately 55% of children with congenital heart disease die within the first year of life, and 85% by the age of 5.

Aortic hypoplasia is a congenital disorder in which the aortic arch diameter is only 60% or less of normal. The valvular apparatus of the heart carries a large functional load and is one of the first structures of the cardiovascular system to be involved in pathological processes in congenital heart disease. In this regard, the determination of the morphological and morphometric characteristics of its individual components is an urgent task in cardiology.

Aim of the study.  Determine the morphometric parameters of the aortic valves and sinus of Valsalva in the norm and their changes in congenital aortic hypoplasia.