Foundations and Trends in Modern Learning

SOCIAL NETWORKS AS A MEANS OF INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE AMONG YOUNG AI SPECIALISTS FROM DIFFERENT COUNTRIES

MANSUROV ZHANTORE — 2026-10-12

This article examines social networks and professional digital platforms as environments of socialization and intercultural dialogue among young artificial intelligence (AI) specialists from different countries. The target group includes students preparing for AI-related careers, junior developers and researchers, and early-career professionals. A structured narrative review and comparative secondary analysis of 13 verified sources from 2020-2026 is used to identify five social dimensions: participation, intercultural competence, bridging social capital, professional identity, and trust. The findings indicate that networked professional communication can widen access to international peers, mentoring, culturally diverse norms and professional opportunities. At the same time, language differences, regional clustering, unequal visibility and the need to verify AI-generated information can limit inclusive interaction. The proposed model shows how reciprocal participation, inclusive language, cultural sensitivity and verification practices can convert online contact into sustainable intercultural ties and professional development

ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННАТА КУЛТУРА В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛНИТЕ ИНСТИТУЦИИ: НРАВСТВЕНИ НОРМИ И ПРОФЕСИОНАЛНИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ

Милка Петрова — 2026-10-12

Докладът разглежда организационната култура в образователните институции като система от споделени ценности, нравствени норми и модели на професионално взаимодействие. Анализира се значението на справедливостта, почтеността, взаимното уважение и отговорността за отношенията между ръководството, педагогическите специалисти, обучаемите и техните семейства. Акцент се поставя върху съответствието между формално утвърдените етични принципи и ежедневните институционални практики. Обсъжда се ролята на лидерския пример, диалога и прозрачността при вземането на решения за изграждането на доверие и разрешаването на конфликти. Организационната култура се представя като съществен фактор за професионалното сътрудничество, чувството за принадлежност и създаването на подкрепяща образователна среда. Очертават се възможности за нейното развитие чрез осмисляне на общите ценностни ориентири и насърчаване на отговорното участие в институционалния живот.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ НА ЛИДЕРСТВОТО В ОБРАЗОВАНИЕТО: ОТ ЙЕРАРХИЧНО УПРАВЛЕНИЕ КЪМ СПОДЕЛЕНИ ЛИДЕРСКИ ПРАКТИКИ

Милка Петрова — 2026-10-12

Докладът разглежда трансформацията на лидерството в образованието като преход от йерархично управление към споделени лидерски практики, основани на сътрудничество, доверие и колективна отговорност. Анализира се промяната в ролята на образователния лидер — от централен носител на власт и контрол към инициатор на взаимодействие и създател на условия за активно участие на педагогическите специалисти в определянето на общи цели и вземането на решения. Акцент се поставя върху разпределянето на лидерски функции според компетентностите, професионалния опит и конкретните потребности на образователната общност. Обсъждат се предпоставките и ограниченията на този преход, включително организационната култура, готовността за участие и необходимостта от ясно определени отговорности. Споделеното лидерство се представя като възможност за насърчаване на професионалната инициативност, подкрепа на иновациите и устойчиво развитие на образователните институции.

THE PATH TO HAPPINESS IN AL-FARABI AND AL-GHAZALI THROUGH VIRTUE AND SPIRITUAL PERFECTION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Temurbayev Akniyet Salimbaiuly — 2026-10-12

This article compares Abu Nasr al-Farabi’s and Abu Hamid al-Ghazali’s accounts of the path toward human happiness. It uses "path" as an interpretive category for examining processes of human perfection, without treating al-Farabi’s philosophical account as identical to the Sufi tariqa. Al-Farabi’s Attainment of Happiness and his account of the virtuous city are examined in relation to intellectual and practical virtue, education, and social life. Al-Ghazali’s Persian Kimiya-yi saʿadat is considered through its themes of self-knowledge, knowledge of God, moral discipline, and the afterlife. The study applies hermeneutic, comparative-historical, and conceptual analysis. It argues that both thinkers understand happiness as a telos requiring knowledge and cultivated action, while assigning different weight to civic-political formation and inward spiritual discipline. The comparison offers a historically cautious framework for relating the dissertation’s study of "the path" in Arabic-Muslim philosophy and Sufism to al-Farabi’s thought.

Görünməyən Sərhədlər: Şəhərlərdə Sosial-İqtisadi Seqreqasiya və Urban İnfrastrukturun Transformasiyası

Şəfəq Əliyeva Məmməd qızı — 2026-10-12

Müasir urbanizasiya prosesləri yalnız demoqrafik və memarlıq baxımından deyil, həm də dərin sosial-məkan parçalanmaları ilə xarakterizə olunur. Sosial-iqtisadi seqreqasiya — müxtəlif gəlir qruplarına aid insanların şəhər mühitində bir-birindən coğrafi olaraq təcrid olunmuş məkanlarda məskunlaşması fenomenidir. Bu məqalədə şəhərlərdə zəngin və kasıb məhəllələrin formalaşmasının coğrafi qanunauyğunluqları, bu "görünməyən sərhədlərin" yaranma mexanizmləri və şəhər infrastrukturunun (nəqliyyat, yaşıl zonalar, kommunal xidmətlər) bu bölgüyə uyğun olaraq necə asimmetrik formalaşdığı akademik çərçivədə təhlil edilir. Məqalə həmçinin beynəlxalq və yerli keyslər vasitəsilə bərabərsizliyin məkan ölçülərini və gələcək inklüziv planlaşdırma modellərini araşdırır.

International Discussions on Government Securities and Their Practical Purpose

David Aslanishvili — 2026-10-12

In this research we have examined government securities beyond the headline size of public debt. It argues that a bond's real value (adjusted for inflation) and market price (which moves inversely with interest rates) matter more than its face value. Its central question is how public debt affects the economy, which hinges on whether citizens anticipate the future taxes needed to repay it (Ricardian equivalence). Where they do not (incomplete equivalence), debt financing makes people feel wealthier and spend more, but a later tax rise reduces welfare. The paper therefore recommends issuing securities mainly during recessions to stimulate recovery, while noting that political misuse and the future tax burden are the trade-offs, with the Reagan-era and post-2007 U.S. debt growth as examples.

The Nature of Government Securities and its Origin

Kristine Omadze — 2026-10-12

In this research, we have studied the nature and the origin of a government security paper as tradable debt instrument issued by a national government to borrow money from investors. As a rule it is a formal promise to repay the principal at a fixed maturity date. Because it is backed by the government's taxing and borrowing power, it is generally regarded as low-risk and useful instrument to cover budget deficit, stimulate economic growth, but also may create financial instability and risk of default.

Ерлігімен үлгі болған қазақ қызы

Экскурсия жетекшісі, Ерлік музейі, Шымкент, Қазақстан — 2026-10-12

Ұлы Отан соғысы жылдары халқымыз үшін аса ауыр әрі сындарлы кезең болды. Майдан даласына елін, жерін қорғау үшін аттанған ер азаматтармен қатар, қазақтың қайсар қыздары да Отан алдындағы борышын өтеуге бел буды. Солардың қатарында ерлігімен ел жадында мәңгі қалған қазақтың батыр қызы – Әлия Молдағұлова бар. Жастық шағын соғыс өрті шарпыған Әлия небәрі он сегіз жасында майданға аттанып, мерген ретінде жауынгерлік міндетін абыроймен атқарды. Оның қайсарлығы, батылдығы мен Отанға деген адалдығы қазақ қыздарының рухының мықтылығын танытты. Әлияның қысқа ғұмыры мен ерлікке толы жауынгерлік жолы – бүгінгі ұрпақ үшін өшпес өнеге.
Бұл мақалада Әлия Молдағұлованың өмір жолы, майдандағы әскери қызметі мен ерлігі қарастырылады. Сонымен қатар оның қаһармандық тағдырының тарихи маңызы және кейінгі ұрпаққа берер тағылымы сараланады. Әлия Молдағұлованың ерлігі – соғыс жылдарындағы қазақ қыздарының қайсарлығы мен Отанға деген шексіз сүйіспеншілігінің жарқын көрінісі.

Қазақстандағы халық ағарту ісінің эволюциясы және ұлттық кадрлардың қалыптасуы

Бисембайұлы Мирас — 2026-10-12

Мақалада Ресей империясы кезінде қазақ даласында алғашқы білім ордаларының салынып, кеңес үкіметінің алғашқы жылдарындағы өзгерісі талданады. Қазақ жерінде салынған алғашқы мектеп-медреселер, кітапханалар мен әдеби ұйымдардың тарихи маңыздылығымен қатар, оқиғалардың басында жүрген зиялылардың білім саласының дамуына қосқан үлестері сараланды. Мақалада Қазан төңкерісінің білім жүйесіне әкелген өзгерістері жан-жақты талданады. Жүйелілік, жинақтау және салыстырмалы әдіс жинақталған ақпараттарды бір жүйеге салып, нақты қорытынды жасауға мүмкіндік берді.

MODERN PROBLEMS OF NANOPHYSİCS

Aygün Sultanova Haji gizi — 2026-10-12

Recent developments in the field of nanosciences and nanotechnology have generated great interest among researchers and scientists around the world. Rapidly increasing interest in the research and development needs of nanotechnology among various engineering fields has fueled growth in areas such as nanoelectronics, biotechnology, and the health care system and commerce in general. This article presents the state-of-the-art in nanofabrication, covering recent developments and key challenges related to this field.

In addition to the already existing fields of nanotechnology, there is a great expectation of technical progress and the solution of important economic, medical and environmental problems through nanotechnology. Nanotechnology can meet these expectations only if fundamental progress can be made behind the latest technology. Therefore, very important problems for nanotechnology are discussed here.

Nanomedicine, an interdisciplinary field at the intersection of nanotechnology and medicine, is rapidly revolutionizing healthcare by exploiting the unique properties of nanoscale materials and structures. The ability to manipulate matter at the nanoscale has opened new avenues for disease diagnosis, treatment and monitoring and marked a paradigm shift in the healthcare landscape.

As nanotechnology advances, so does the need for robust regulations and ethical guidelines. Ensuring the safety of nanomaterials, their responsible use and potential environmental impact are important issues. Researchers and policymakers are working together to create frameworks that balance innovation with security.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, quantum effects, nanomaterials, nanostructures, quantum tunneling.

ФИЗИКАНЫ ОҚЫТУ КЕЗІНДЕГІ БІЛІМДІ БАҚЫЛАУДЫҢ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ

Рахымбеков Айтбай Жапарович — 2026-10-12

Мақалада жалпы білім беретін мектепте физиканы оқыту сапасын арттырудағы оқушылардың білімін бақылаудың рөлі қарастырылады. Білімді бақылаудың негізгі қызметтері, оның оқу жетістіктерін диагностикалаудағы, оқу барысында туындайтын қиындықтарды анықтаудағы және оқыту әдістемесін жетілдірудегі маңызы ашылған. Оқушылардың физикалық заңдылықтарды терең түсінуін, практикалық дағдылары мен зерттеушілік құзыреттерін қалыптастыру үшін дәстүрлі және инновациялық білімді тексеру әдістерін ұштастыру қажеттілігі негізделінген

БІЛІМ БЕРУДІҢ ИННОВАЦИЯЛЫҚ ЖҮЙЕСІН ЖЕТІЛДІРУ ӘДІСТЕРІ

Рахымбеков Айтбай Жапарович — 2026-10-12

Мақалада оқушылардың зияткерлік қызметін дамыту қажеттілігі ерекше өзекті, өйткені соңғы жылдары мектепте оқуға деген қызығушылықтың төмендеуі байқалатыны көрсетілген. Сонымен қатар, бүгінгі таңда оқу процесі тиімді және тұлғаның интеллектуалды болуына мақсатты түрде жұмыс істеп, қолдан келгеннің бәрін жасау маңызды екені негізделінген

LINGUISTIC FACTORS SHAPING READING COMPREHENSION IN ARABIC AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: VOCABULARY, MORPHOLOGICAL AWARENESS AND DIACRITICS

Khafayat Aliyeva — 2026-10-12

Reading comprehension in Arabic as a foreign language requires more than accurate decoding of the Arabic script. Learners must coordinate lexical knowledge, morphological information and orthographic cues while constructing meaning from connected text. This theoretical article examines three language-specific factors that are particularly relevant to this process: receptive vocabulary knowledge, morphological awareness and the processing of Arabic diacritics. A descriptive-analytical review of eight sources in second-language reading, Arabic language pedagogy and Arabic literacy research is used to distinguish evidence obtained directly from learners of Arabic as a second or foreign language from findings based on native Arabic readers. The reviewed literature indicates that receptive vocabulary is closely associated with comprehension, that morphological structure can provide an additional route to lexical access, and that vowelization may support word recognition and comprehension, especially for less experienced L2 readers. At the same time, these findings do not justify permanent reliance on fully vowelized texts or the treatment of morphology as an isolated grammar exercise. The article argues for integrated reading instruction in which vocabulary development, morphological analysis and gradual adaptation to unvowelized orthography support one another within meaningful text work

ИСТОРИКО-ПОЗНАВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПЛАСТЫ ЭТНОКУЛЬТУРНОЙ ЛЕКСИКИ

Бисенбаева Меруерт Кенжеғұлқызы — 2026-10-12

В целом, проблема, которая привлекает внимание исследователей языка-это структура национального языка, его составные части. Главным признаком наций является - язык, у языка своеобразный характер развития и структура, или язык каждой нации имеет свои пути развития, формирования. Национальный язык- понятие очень широкое, очень сложное посвоему историческому развитию, поэтому они по своему составу не однозначны. Язык Казахского народа, обитающего в бескрайнем пространстве от Европы до Азии- язык монолитный, язык единства народа, языкконтрастный. Единство языка выражается в свободном взаимопонимании народа одной крови живущих в этом и за пределами этого пространства, использующий этот же язык, имея региональные особенности.

В статье излагается занимаемое местов рядах комуникационных единиц региональной лексикологии в процессе синтаксических взаимоотношении с единицами других языков, потому как региональная лексика является частью национального языкового богатства, и региональная культура не может быть иной. Региональная лексикология-этнокультурно -содержательные единицы, отражающие казахскую традиционную культуру.

Sədi rübailərinin farscadan Azərbaycan dilinə maşın tərcüməsində üslub və ritmin qorunması

Salman Əliyev — 2026-10-12

Məqalədə Sədi Şirazinin üç rübaisinin farscadan Azərbaycan dilinə maşın tərcüməsində məna, üslub və ritmin ötürülməsi araşdırılır. Məqsəd poetik obrazların, idiomatik ifadələrin və lirik münasibətlərin tərcümədə hansı dəyişikliklərə məruz qaldığını müəyyənləşdirməkdir. Tədqiqat Ganjoor elektron toplusundan məqsədli seçilmiş üç orijinal mətnin və Google Translate, DeepL və ChatGPT adı ilə qeydə alınmış doqquz tərcümə variantının müqayisəli keyfiyyət təhlilinə əsaslanır. Qiymətləndirmə məna və məntiqi əlaqələr, obraz və üslub, ritmik təşkil, qafiyə və dil axıcılığı üzrə aparılır. Ritmik müşahidələr misra quruluşu və yazıda görünən saitlərin sayı ilə məhdudlaşdırılır. Təhlildə güzgü obrazının itməsi, oxun çiçəklə əvəzlənməsi, fədakarlıq ifadəsinin hərfi anlaşılması və sevgilidən dönməmək fikrinin istiqamətinin dəyişməsi aşkarlanır. ChatGPT variantlarında əsas məna münasibətləri daha ardıcıl saxlanılsa da, obraz detallarının ümumiləşdirilməsi, qeyri-təbii ifadələr, misra uzunluqlarının dəyişkənliyi və qafiyənin bərpa olunmaması müşahidə edilir. Nəticələr leksik uyğunluğun poetik bütövlüyü təmin etmədiyini və məna ilə formanın ayrı meyarlarla yoxlanmasının zəruriliyini göstərir. Məqalənin töhfəsi seçilmiş fars–Azərbaycan nümunələrində semantik dəyişmələri lirik məntiq və formal təşkil ilə əlaqələndirməsidir. Kiçik seçmə, tərcümələrin fərqli kontekstdə hazırlanması və müstəqil ekspert qiymətləndirməsinin olmaması səbəbindən nəticələr sistemlərin ümumi keyfiyyət sıralaması kimi şərh edilmir

Interaction and Corrective Feedback: Pushing Learners toward Accurate Use of Complex Structures

Vüsalə Həsənova — 2026-10-12

Corrective feedback gives second language learners what input cannot provide: evidence about the accuracy of their own use of the language. This is especially important for complex structures, whose incorrect use seldom impedes communication and therefore seldom attracts correction in ordinary conversation. The article examines how interaction and corrective feedback contribute to the mastery of such structures. It reviews the interaction hypothesis, the taxonomy of feedback types, classroom studies comparing recasts and prompts, and meta-analytic evidence, and it identifies the conditions under which feedback is most effective: perceived corrective intent, learner readiness, the nature of the target structure, focus and consistency, and affective climate. Three illustrations (English articles, Azerbaijani suffixation, and the English third person -s) show that the best feedback depends on the source of the difficulty. The article concludes that feedback on complex structures must be planned rather than left to chance

Xarici dil tədrisində anaqram və panqramlardan istifadənin linqvodidaktik əsasları

Rəfiyeva Xuraman Əli qızı — 2026-10-12

Məqalədə xarici dilin tədrisində anaqram və panqramlardan istifadənin nəzəri və praktik əsasları araşdırılmışdır. Müasir təhsil mühitində şagirdlərin və tələbələrin dil bacarıqlarının inkişaf etdirilməsi üçün interaktiv və yaradıcı metodlardan istifadə xüsusi əhəmiyyət daşıyır. Bu metodlar arasında anaqram və panqramlar həm lüğət ehtiyatının zənginləşdirilməsi, həm də oxu, yazı, tələffüz və tənqidi düşünmə bacarıqlarının inkişaf etdirilməsi baxımından mühüm vasitələr hesab olunur. Məqalədə anaqram və panqramların mahiyyəti açıqlanmış, onların xarici dil dərslərində tətbiq imkanları, üstünlükləri və pedaqoji əhəmiyyəti təhlil edilmişdir. Həmçinin müəllimlərin dərs prosesində bu dil oyunlarından istifadə etməsinin motivasiya və öyrənmə keyfiyyətinə müsbət təsiri elmi-pedaqoji baxımdan əsaslandırılmışdır. Xarici dilin mənimsənilməsi çoxşaxəli idrak prosesi olmaqla dinləmə, danışma, oxu və yazı kimi dörd əsas dil bacarığının paralel inkişafını tələb edir. Müasir linqvodidaktik yanaşmalara görə, bu bacarıqlar bir-birindən ayrılıqda deyil, qarşılıqlı əlaqədə formalaşdırılmalıdır. Bu baxımdan anaqram və panqramlar dilin müxtəlif səviyyələrini eyni vaxtda əhatə edən və inteqrativ öyrənməni dəstəkləyən metodik vasitələr kimi xüsusi əhəmiyyət daşıyır. Onların tədris prosesinə məqsədyönlü şəkildə daxil edilməsi öyrənənlərin həm dil materialını daha dərindən mənimsəməsinə, həm də yaradıcı düşünmə qabiliyyətinin inkişafına müsbət təsir göstərir. Müasir xarici dil tədrisi kommunikativ yanaşma, kompetensiya əsaslı təlim və tələbəyönümlü pedaqoji modellər üzərində qurulduğundan öyrənənlərin leksik ehtiyatının zənginləşdirilməsi, orfoqrafik savadlılığının artırılması, fonetik bacarıqlarının inkişaf etdirilməsi və yaradıcı təfəkkürünün stimullaşdırılması mühüm əhəmiyyət kəsb edir. Bu baxımdan anaqram və panqramlar yalnız dil oyunu deyil, həm də idrak fəallığını artıran, öyrənməyə motivasiya yaradan və dil vahidlərinin daha səmərəli mənimsənilməsini təmin edən didaktik vasitələr kimi çıxış edir. Məqalədə anaqram və panqramların nəzəri mahiyyəti, onların xarici dil dərslərində tətbiq formaları, ingilis və fransız dili nümunələri əsasında metodik xüsusiyyətləri, həmçinin müəllim hazırlığında və müasir tədris texnologiyalarında istifadə perspektivləri araşdırılır.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY IN ELT

Nuran Murshudzada — 2026-10-12

The rapid advancement of technology in the Industrial 4.0 era has transformed many aspects of life, including English language education (1, pg. 1). The landscape of English Language Teaching (ELT) is currently undergoing a profound metamorphosis, driven by the convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and broader educational technology. While digital tools have long provided the infrastructure for modern classrooms, the integration of AI introduces a cognitive dimension previously reserved for human instructors: the ability to simulate reasoning, problem-solving, and linguistic understanding.

In the context of language acquisition, the synergy between AI and educational technology creates a dynamic, student-centered environment. AI-created software includes programs that gather knowledge and perform other autonomous tasks, such as computation and student search (2, pg. 5). AI serves as the analytical engine, capable of identifying patterns in learner errors and behavior to provide real-time, personalized interventions. Meanwhile, educational technology provides interactive platforms ranging from multimedia tools to digital assessments that deliver these insights to the student. Together, these innovations allow educators to move beyond a "one-size-fits-all" curriculum toward adaptive learning systems that priorities individual needs, fostering higher levels of engagement and motivation. This article explores how this technological partnership is redefining the efficiency of language skills acquisition in the 21st century.

READINESS OF PRIMARY SCHOOLS FOR THE INCLUSION OF PUPILS WITH DISABILITIES IN SLOVAKIA

Miroslav Blaško — 2026-10-12

This paper presents a research project designed to analyse the current conditions provided to pupils with special educational needs who, after meeting the statutory criteria, are educated in mainstream primary schools in the Slovak Republic. It outlines the proposed methodology for assessing the conditions that support successful inclusion and for formulating concrete recommendations for schools. The project focuses on external and internal conditions, differences between regions and school sectors, and the experiences of headteachers, teachers and parents.

MUSIC–SPEECH INTERACTION IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION FROM NEUROCOGNITIVE AND LINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVES

Yessetova Ainur Takeevna — 2026-10-12

This article examines music–speech interaction as a multilevel neurocognitive, linguistic, and educational phenomenon in the context of a creative university. It analyzes the shared characteristics of musical and speech signals associated with pitch, duration, intensity, tempo, and rhythmic organization, as well as the specific ways in which these characteristics are functionally realized within different sign systems. The article explores music–speech interaction at the phonological, prosodic, intonational, rhythmic, syntactic, lexico-semantic, and discourse levels in relation to auditory perception, attention, memory, prediction, and structural integration. Particular attention is given to the educational potential of students’ musical experience in language-related disciplines, including the development of auditory sensitivity, prosodic perception, rhythmic organization of speech, verbal memory, interpretive skills, and communicative competence. The article substantiates a functional approach in which musical material is incorporated into the educational process in accordance with a specific linguistic or speech-related objective, while its effectiveness is determined by the nature of the learning activity and the individual characteristics of learners. The article also identifies prospects for experimental research into music–speech relationships and considers the potential of digital technologies and artificial intelligence tools for analyzing the acoustic characteristics of music and speech and for developing adaptive learning tasks. The integration of music and language-related disciplines in a creative university is presented as an interdisciplinary educational approach that brings together auditory, cognitive, linguistic, and communicative activities.

Қазақ тілі мен әдебиеті сабақтарында жасанды интеллект арқылы сыни оқу мен дәлелді жазылымды дамыту

Момбекова Айгуль Мырзабаевна — 2026-10-12

Мақалада қазақ тілі мен әдебиеті сабақтарында генеративті жасанды интеллектіні оқушының сыни оқуын және дәлелді жазылымын дамытуға бағыттап қолдану жолдары қарастырылады. Түпнұсқаны өздігінен оқу, жасанды интеллект жауабын тексеру, мәтіндік дәлелді іріктеу және жеке тұжырымды жазу әрекеттеріне негізделген әдістемелік тәсіл ұсынылады. Абайдың он тоғызыншы қара сөзі мен мектеп өміріне қатысты пікірталас тақырыбы арқылы тапсырма үлгілері сипатталады. Оқу нәтижесін бағалау, авторлық ұстанымды сақтау, қазақ тілінің қолданыс ерекшеліктерін ескеру және цифрлық құралды жауапкершілікпен пайдалану мәселелері талданады

METHODOLOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR DEVELOPING PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS’ CRITICAL THINKING THROUGH MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING

Akpaeva Asel Bakirovna — 2026-10-12

Primary school mathematics offers a natural setting for teaching children to question, evaluate, and justify, yet word problems are often solved by routine operations without attention to meaning. This article examines which methodological conditions allow problem solving to develop critical thinking in primary school pupils. The study is a conceptual-analytic integrative review of ten purposively selected sources from Kazakhstan, the United States, Europe, China, Japan, and South Korea. Documented findings were coded against the components of critical thinking, the features of problems, and teacher practices. The analysis yields five methodological conditions: interpretation-demanding tasks, structured critical questioning, multiple solution strategies with justification, reflection and self-checking, and teacher preparation within a coherent methodological system. The conditions are hypotheses derived from existing evidence, not tested effects. The article contributes a classroom-oriented framework, a coding frame for future studies, and implications for Kazakhstani primary education, and it proposes quasi-experimental research to validate the conditions.

THE ROLE OF AR/VR TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING COGNITIVE ENGAGEMENT AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS

Bazarbеkova Rabiga Zholshievna — 2026-10-12

Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) are increasingly promoted as tools for strengthening primary school students’ cognitive engagement, yet the evidence base is fragmented across age groups, technologies, and theoretical traditions. This article examines the role of AR/VR technologies in developing cognitive engagement among primary school students from theoretical and practical perspectives. Using a theory-driven integrative review of ten peer-reviewed sources, supplemented by a design-based component, the study synthesizes evidence on learning outcomes, motivational and affective mechanisms, cognitive load, and implementation barriers. The analysis shows that the reviewed meta-analytic and systematic evidence reports positive effects of AR and VR on learning outcomes, with two AR syntheses reporting medium effects (d = .64 and d = .68) and motivation consistently listed among the most frequently reported advantages. At the same time, the literature indicates that immersion and interactivity do not automatically translate into deeper learning: they can raise extraneous cognitive load and crowd out reflection unless instruction is deliberately designed. Usability problems, technical failures, limited accessibility features, and the scarcity of explicit learning theories further constrain classroom practice. On this basis, the article proposes a four-phase instructional framework (Prepare, Explore, Reflect, Transfer) and an evaluation protocol that operationalizes behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. Theoretically, the study links cognitive load theory, the Cognitive Affective Model of Immersive Learning, and the multidimensional construct of school engagement. Practically, it offers teachers and designers evidence-informed principles for selecting technologies, structuring lessons, and assessing engagement in primary classrooms. Because most reviewed studies include mixed age groups, the findings are best interpreted as evidence-informed hypotheses for primary education that require empirical validation.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ФОРМЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ УЧЕБНОГО ПРОЦЕССА В ВЫСШЕЙ ШКОЛЕ ОТ ТРАДИЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ К ИНТЕРАКТИВНЫМ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯМ

Садыкова Айдана Кайратовна — 2026-10-12

Статья посвящена библиометрическому анализу научных исследований современных форм организации учебного процесса в высшей школе в контексте перехода от традиционных моделей обучения к интерактивным и цифровым образовательным технологиям. Актуальность исследования обусловлена интенсивной цифровой трансформацией высшего образования и фрагментарностью научных подходов к изучению интерактивных педагогических моделей. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении основных тенденций развития научного поля за 2005–2025 гг., определении динамики публикационной активности, географической структуры исследований и ключевых тематических направлений с учётом положения Казахстана в международном научном пространстве. Методологическую основу составил библиометрический анализ публикаций международной базы данных Scopus. Первоначально идентифицированы 952 публикации, из которых после многоэтапного отбора по критериям PRISMA в итоговую выборку включены 306 научных статей. Для анализа использованы показатели публикационной активности, цитирования, географического распределения и совместной встречаемости ключевых слов с применением программы VOSviewer. Результаты исследования выявили устойчивое увеличение научного интереса к интерактивным образовательным технологиям, особенно в 2020–2025 гг. Лидирующие позиции по количеству публикаций занимают США, Великобритания и Испания, тогда как Казахстан представлен четырьмя исследованиями в сформированной выборке. Анализ 54 ключевых слов позволил выделить четыре тематических кластера, охватывающих интерактивные формы обучения, цифровую образовательную среду, искусственный интеллект и педагогические стратегии. Установлено, что современное исследовательское поле характеризуется тесной интеграцией педагогических подходов и цифровых технологий. Научная значимость исследования заключается в систематизации тематической и географической структуры научных публикаций, посвящённых трансформации университетского обучения. Практическая значимость определяется возможностью использования выявленных международных тенденций для развития интерактивных образовательных практик и совершенствования стратегий цифровой трансформации высшего образования Казахстана

Developing Creative Thinking in Primary School through Guided Digital Project Design with HOPPER APP PASSPORT

Madina Dyussenovna Kaliyeva — 2026-10-12

This practice-oriented conceptual paper presents an adaptation of HOPPER APP PASSPORT for project design in primary education. The supplied interface combines an idea laboratory, a mentor pathway, a screen studio, a testing space and a project passport. The proposed classroom model uses these elements to help pupils in Grades 3–4 identify a familiar problem, consider alternative solutions, organise a simple application concept, test a paper prototype and explain a revision. English-language interface adaptations accompany the paper as product illustrations. The model prioritises pupil explanations and teacher mediation rather than technical complexity. A four-lesson sequence, an illustrative project passport and an assessment rubric make the approach usable in classroom planning. No participant dataset or intervention outcomes were supplied; therefore, the paper reports a pedagogical design and a proposed evaluation procedure, not demonstrated effectiveness. The central proposition is that a project passport can make the development of an idea visible when it records the pupil’s decisions, feedback and revisions

Қазақстандағы урбанизациялық процестер: тенденциялар мен келешегі

Мақсат Бағдатұлы Налшыбек — 2026-10-12

Соңғы онжылдықтарда жаһандық дамудың басты экономикалық және демографиялық драйверлерінің бірі – урбанизация процесі болып табылады. Қазақстан Республикасында да бұл үрдіс соңғы жылдары айтарлықтай серпін алып, елдің әлеуметтік-экономикалық және кеңістіктік келбетін түбегейлі өзгертуде. Ресми статистикалық деректерге сәйкес, 2018–2022 жылдар аралығында елдегі қала халқының үлесі 57,6%-дан 61,5%-ға дейін өссе, соңғы көрсеткіштер бойынша урбанизация деңгейі 63,1%-ға жетіп, қала тұрғындарының саны 12,8 млн адамды, ал ауыл халқы 7,5 млн адамды құрады. Демографиялық және еңбек ресурстарын дамыту орталығы сарапшыларының болжамды есептеулеріне қарағанда, бұл қарқын сақталған жағдайда 2030 жылға қарай қала халқының үлесі 64,2%-ға, ал 2050 жылға қарай 69,4%–70%-ға дейін ұлғаймақ.

Урбанизацияның өсуі заманауи индустрияландыру мен сервистік экономиканың дамуымен тығыз байланысты болғанымен, бұл процестің қарқыны мен бағыты Қазақстан өңірлерінде біркелкі жүрмей отыр. Қалалану ағыны негізінен елдің үш ірі мегаполисіне – Астана, Алматы және Шымкент қалаларына бағытталған. Мәселен, Алматы қаласының халық саны соңғы 10 жылда 42,8%-ға өсіп, 2,3 млн адамнан асса, Алматы агломерациясының жалпы халық саны 3,8 млн адамнан асып түсті.

ҚАЗІРГІ ХАЛЫҚАРАЛЫҚ ҚАТЫНАСТАР ЖҮЙЕСІНДЕГІ ҚАЗАҚСТАН: ЖЕРГІЛІКТІ БАСҚАРУДЫ ЦИФРЛАНДЫРУ – ЖАҺАНДЫҚ ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ МЕН БӘСЕКЕГЕ ҚАБІЛЕТТІЛІК ҚҰРАЛЫ РЕТІНДЕ

Kaiyrzhanova Nazym — 2026-10-12

Бұл мақалада Қазақстанның қазіргі халықаралық қатынастар жүйесіндегі орны жергілікті басқару жүйесін цифрландыру призмасы арқылы қарастырылады. Жаһандану дәуірінде мемлекеттің сыртқы саяси беделі мен инвестициялық тартымдылығы оның ішкі, әсіресе жергілікті деңгейдегі басқару тиімділігімен тікелей байланысты. Зерттеу барысында жергілікті өзін-өзі басқаруды цифрландырудың (Smart City, e-gov) Қазақстанның халықаралық рейтингтердегі позициясына, халықаралық ұйымдармен (БҰҰ, ЭЫДҰ) ынтымақтастығына және «GovTech» (үкіметтік технологиялар) дипломатиясын қалыптастыруына тигізер ықпалы талданады. Әлемдік тәжірибеге (Эстония, Оңтүстік Корея) сүйене отырып, мақала цифрлық трансформацияның Қазақстан үшін тек ішкі даму құралы ғана емес, сонымен қатар «жұмсақ күш» (soft power) құралы екенін дәлелдейді.

Quantum-Engineered Biocompatible Hydrogels: A Convergent Framework for Synthetic Cartilage Replacement and Multiscale Tissue Regeneration

Anano Sheverdashvili — 2026-10-12

Articular cartilage remains one of the most unforgiving targets in regenerative medicine: it is avascular, aneural, essentially alymphatic, sparsely populated by a single terminally differentiated cell type, and burdened by an extracellular matrix whose tensile, compressive, and tribological demands exceed those of nearly every other soft tissue in the human body. Existing clinical strategies — microfracture, autologous chondrocyte implantation, matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation, and osteochondral autograft transfer — relieve symptoms but rarely restore durable hyaline-like tissue. Hydrogels have emerged as the most plausible synthetic analogue of the cartilage matrix because their hydrated, porous, and highly tunable architecture approximates the physicochemical environment in which chondrocytes reside. Yet conventional hydrogels are mechanically fragile, biochemically inert, and functionally blind: they cannot sense the forces they transmit, report on their own degradation, or respond to the biological state of the cells they host. This review argues that a class of materials here termed quantum-engineered biocompatible hydrogels — polymer networks in which quantum dots, carbon dots, nanodiamonds with nitrogen-vacancy centres, quantum-confined piezoelectric nanocrystals, and other quantum-scale functional building blocks are integrated as structural, sensory, and stimulatory elements — offers a coherent route beyond these limitations. We synthesise the biological design requirements of articular cartilage, the chemistry and topology of tough and self-healing hydrogel networks, the emerging evidence on carbon and semiconductor quantum dots in cartilage scaffolds, the use of nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry and quantum-enhanced tension microscopy to quantify cellular forces at the nanoscale, and the exploitation of piezoelectricity as a self-powered electrical stimulus for chondrogenesis. We then examine fabrication through three- and four-dimensional bioprinting, mechanical benchmarking against native tissue, biofunctionalisation with growth factors and gene vectors, biocompatibility and immunocompatibility constraints, preclinical evidence in small and large animal models, and the regulatory pathway for combination products in which a nanoscale therapeutic and a device are inseparable. We conclude with a critical appraisal of unresolved problems, including the long-term fate of heavy-metal-containing quantum dots, the difficulty of validating quantum sensing in opaque and scattering tissue, the absence of standardised fatigue protocols for hydrogel cartilage, and the conceptual gap between quantum effects at the single-emitter level and macroscopic tissue function. The central claim is that quantum engineering should be understood not as decoration of an existing scaffold, but as a design grammar for creating implants that measure, adapt, and defend themselves.

DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY OF FUNCTIONAL SHORTBREAD COOKIES ENRICHED WITH RASPBERRY POWDER

Aigul Omaraliyeva — 2026-10-12

The development of functional foods is a priority area in the modern food industry. One promising method for increasing the nutritional and biological value of baked goods is the use of fruit and berry powders containing dietary fiber, phenolic compounds, and natural antioxidants [1, 3, 4]. Raspberry powder is of practical interest due to its high content of biologically active substances and the potential for its use in baked goods recipes [2, 4]. Despite existing research, the optimal dosages of raspberry powder and their effect on the quality of shortbread cookies have not been sufficiently studied.

The aim of the study was to develop a technology for functional shortbread cookies using raspberry powder and to evaluate its impact on the quality of finished products.

The study involved raspberries from the 2025 harvest, grown in the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The powder was obtained by convective drying at 60°C until a residual moisture content of 8.4% was reached.

Shortbread cookies were produced according to GOST 24901–2014 with some of the wheat flour replaced with raspberry powder in amounts of 3, 5, and 7%.

The organoleptic properties, nutritional value and antioxidant activity of the obtained samples were assessed.

CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF POMEGRANATE PEEL VALORIZATION: A BRIEF OVERVIEW

Samir Hafizov — 2026-10-12

This mini-review examines the conceptual foundations of pomegranate peel valorization, focusing on transforming this agro-industrial byproduct into high-value functional ingredients. Pomegranate peel accounts for approximately 50% of the total fruit weight and represents a rich source of bioactive compounds, particularly ellagitannins (punicalagin), flavonoids, and dietary fibers. This paper synthesizes current circular economy frameworks, highlighting the transition from conventional waste management to advanced biorefinery strategies. We discuss innovative green extraction technologies-such as ultrasound, microwave, and enzyme-assisted methods-that maximize phytochemical recovery while minimizing environmental impact. Furthermore, the review outlines the diverse applications of extracted compounds in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, specifically as natural preservatives, antioxidant supplements, and functional packaging materials. Ultimately, this review underlines the economic and ecological potential of pomegranate peel valorization as a sustainable pathway toward zero-waste industrial processing.

Implementation of a Business Data Analytics Model Using Power BI and DAX

Elza Bitsadze — 2026-10-12

In the modern business environment, organizations generate large volumes of data from operational processes, financial transactions, customer interactions, and sales activities. Transforming these data into meaningful information is essential for improving organizational performance, identifying business trends, and supporting evidence-based decision-making. Business intelligence technologies provide effective solutions for integrating, processing, analyzing, and visualizing business data. This study explores the implementation of a business data analytics model using Microsoft Power BI and Data Analysis Expressions (DAX), focusing on data modeling, analytical calculations, key performance indicators (KPIs), interactive visualization, and business decision support.

The primary objective of the study is to develop an integrated analytical approach that transforms raw business data into structured, measurable, and visually interpretable information. The proposed approach incorporates several stages, including data collection, data preparation, data transformation, data modeling, the definition of analytical measures, and the development of interactive dashboards. Power BI is used as the principal platform for integrating data from different sources, establishing relationships between datasets, and presenting analytical results through interactive reports. DAX is applied to define calculated measures, implement business rules, and evaluate performance indicators according to selected analytical criteria.

Particular attention is given to the role of data modeling in ensuring consistency, accuracy, and analytical flexibility. An appropriately structured data model enables relationships between business entities to be represented effectively and supports reliable calculations across different analytical dimensions. DAX measures facilitate the calculation of key business indicators, including sales revenue, total costs, profit, profit margin, and performance comparisons across periods, products, and customer segments. These indicators provide a quantitative basis for evaluating operational and financial performance.

The study also examines the contribution of interactive visualization to business analytics. Dashboards incorporating charts, tables, filters, and slicers allow users to explore data dynamically, identify significant patterns, compare performance indicators, and investigate deviations from expected results. Integrating data modeling, DAX calculations, and interactive visualization creates a coherent analytical environment in which business information can be examined from multiple perspectives.

The proposed model demonstrates how Power BI and DAX can be combined to establish a practical framework for business data analytics. Its potential value lies in improving information accessibility, facilitating performance monitoring

ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ПРИКЛАДНОГО АНАЛИЗА ПОВЕДЕНИЯ (ABA-ТЕРАПИИ) В КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ ДЕТЕЙ С РАССТРОЙСТВОМ АУТИСТИЧЕСКОГО СПЕКТРА

САМАТҚЫЗЫ ШҰҒЫЛА — 2026-10-12

В статье представлен комплексный теоретико-методологический обзор применения прикладного анализа поведения (ABA-терапии) как одного из наиболее доказательных подходов в системе комплексной реабилитации детей с расстройством аутистического спектра (РАС). Авторы анализируют эволюцию поведенческого подхода от фундаментальных принципов бихевиоризма до современных модифицированных протоколов вмешательства (ESDM). Особое внимание уделяется методологическим основаниям ABA-терапии, включая принципы функциональной оценки поведения, подкрепления и генерализации навыков. В работе критически осмысливается роль поведенческого анализа в формировании коммуникативных, социальных и адаптивных компетенций у детей с РАС, а также уделяется внимание важности обучения родителей элементам ABA и рассматриваются аспекты совмещения поведенческой терапии с другими реабилитационными практиками.

BARIATRIC SURGERY AND FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME: EFFECT ON STEATOSIS AND FIBROSIS, RISKS, AND PREVENTION OF CIRRHOSIS (A LITERATURE REVIEW)

Rabilbek Akmaral Zholbaryskyzy — 2026-10-12

Fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction accompanies most cases of obesity and metabolic syndrome and in a proportion of patients progresses to cirrhosis. This narrative review summarises evidence on the effect of bariatric surgery on hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis and fibrosis, on its limitations and risks, and on approaches to the prevention of cirrhosis after surgery. Publications from PubMed, Google Scholar and SciSpace, mainly from 2015–2026, were analysed. Bariatric surgery resolves steatohepatitis in about 84% of patients at five years and reduces the ten-year incidence of major adverse liver outcomes from 9.6% to 2.3%; in a randomised trial, steatohepatitis resolved in 56–57% of operated patients versus 16% with lifestyle intervention. Regression of fibrosis is less frequent (25–70%), advanced fibrosis persists in nearly half of the patients who had it at baseline, and new or worsening liver lesions occur in about 12%. Liver enzymes normalise in most but not all patients. Rapid weight loss, malnutrition, alcohol use and pre-existing cirrhosis are the main sources of risk. Recommendations on liver follow-up after surgery are based on expert opinion, and no data are available for Central Asian populations. Studies combining routine clinical and laboratory data with an assessment of patients’ lifestyle and adherence are needed.

NATIONAL CANCER SCREENING PROGRAMS IN KAZAKHSTAN: IMPLEMENTATION RESULTS AND PRIORITIES

Arman Khozhayev — 2026-10-12

This scientific and analytical study examines the epidemiological patterns of cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer in the regions of the country, with particular emphasis on incidence and mortality rates and their regional variation. The study provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of cancer screening and prevention, including the screening approaches used for the early detection of these malignancies in clinically asymptomatic populations. Particular attention is given to the organization and implementation of population-based screening programs, the target populations, screening intervals, diagnostic methods, and the subsequent management of individuals with abnormal screening results. The analysis also considers the role of screening in reducing the burden of malignant neoplasms through early detection and timely referral for further diagnostic evaluation and treatment. The study presents detailed, step-by-step algorithms for the organization and implementation of screening for cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer, outlining the principal stages from identification and invitation of eligible individuals to primary screening, additional diagnostic procedures, confirmation of the diagnosis, and appropriate follow-up. The diagnostic capabilities and practical significance of the screening methods currently applied are described, with particular emphasis on their potential for detecting precancerous conditions and early-stage malignancies before the onset of clinical symptoms. The findings highlight the importance of a systematic, evidence-based approach to cancer screening and demonstrate the potential of well-organized preventive programs to improve early detection, facilitate timely treatment, and ultimately contribute to reductions in cancer-related incidence and mortality