European Research Materials https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM <p>The journal contains materials of the scientific and technical online conference "European Research Materials"</p> en-US Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.12 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 СЫР ӨҢІРІНІҢ КЕРМАРАЛДАРЫ – БҰХАР БҰҒЫЛАРЫ https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7048 <p>Ғылыми мақалада Түркістан филиалының Қызылшаруа орманшылығының тұқымбағында Бұхар бұғыларының жалпы саны, қазіргі жағдайы туралы мәліметтер қарастырылған</p> Е.Өмірхан Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7048 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 СТЕПЕНЬ КРИСТАЛЛИЧНОСТИ И ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИИ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗЫ ТОПИНАМБУРА КАК КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ БИОКОНВЕРСИИ ПРИ ПОЛУЧЕНИИ КСИЛИТА https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7077 <p>В статье рассмотрены теоретические и методологические аспекты определения степени кристалличности и полимеризации целлюлозы растительного происхождения. Показано, что эти параметры определяют реакционную способность и биоконверсионный потенциал биополимера при ферментативном расщеплении и микробиологическом синтезе ксилита. Представлены основные методы определения кристалличности — рентгеноструктурный анализ (РСА), инфракрасная спектроскопия (ИКС) и дифференциально-сканирующая калориметрия (ДСК), а также методики оценки степени полимеризации. Подчёркнута роль структурных характеристик целлюлозы топинамбура <em>(Helianthus tuberosus L.)</em> как возобновляемого источника сырья для биотехнологий нового поколения.</p> <p>Данная исследовательская работа была профинансирована Министерством науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан в рамках грантового финансирования исследований молодых ученых по проекту «Жас ғалым» на 2025-2027 годы по ИРН AP25794005 «Разработка микробной композиции для получения ксилита из целлюлозы топинамбура»</p> Каримова Саулет Сабитхановна, Исаева Акмарал Умирбековна, Тлеукеева Асель Ержановна Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7077 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 NT-proBNP as an Early Diagnostic Marker of Chronic Heart Failure https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7064 <p>NT-proBNP is a validated biomarker that reflects ventricular filling pressure and myocardial wall stress. It demonstrates high sensitivity for excluding heart failure (HF) in both acute and outpatient clinical settings and provides significant prognostic information. Randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have demonstrated the benefits of targeted screening among high-risk groups (such as patients with diabetes, post-myocardial infarction, or chronic kidney disease) when combined with structured follow-up programs (echocardiography referral, therapy optimization). However, current evidence is insufficient to support population-wide screening of asymptomatic individuals. Major clinical guidelines (ESC 2021, AHA/ACC/HFSA 2022) recommend the use of natriuretic peptides for both diagnostic purposes and clinical triage</p> Esimova Zhannur Uasilkyzy Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7064 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 UP-TO-DATE CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF LARYNGEAL CANCER https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7069 <p>this scientific and analytical work presents modern world and local-regional data on incidence, mortality, lethality and five-year survival rate of such oncological pathology of head and neck tumors as laryngeal cancer. The issues of etiology and pathogenesis, features of distribution, modern approaches and principles of complex diagnostics, prospects for improving treatment results, as well as prognosis are covered in detail. The epidemiological characteristics of this pathology in our republic are given in the context of regions of the country</p> Arman Khozhayev, Aina Zhanymbetova, Farkhad Ayazbayev, Aina Aleyeva, Assylay Kulmaganbetova, Gulnara Kamasheva, Assem Zhangabergenova Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7069 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Diet Therapy and Lifestyle Modification in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7071 <p>This article discusses the importance of diet therapy and lifestyle modification in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Modern approaches to dietary management, nutritional characteristics, the role of physical activity, and patient education strategies are reviewed. Evidence-based recommendations are presented in accordance with international guidelines (KDIGO 2023, EURECA-m). Diet therapy and lifestyle modification help preserve renal function in the long term, prevent complications, and improve patients’ quality of life</p> Toktaubayeva Shyraily Kairatkyzy Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7071 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Assesment of Medical Laboratory Staff Awareness and Safety Culture within the Occupational Health Management System https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7075 <p>This study aims to assess the awareness and safety culture of medical laboratory staff within the framework of occupational health management systems. The research is based on a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. The results indicate that, although laboratory personnel demonstrate high theoretical knowledge regarding occupational safety, practical behavior and integration of safety culture into daily work remain insufficient. Management involvement, quality of training, and staff motivation significantly determine the effectiveness of occupational health management systems. The conclusions and recommendations focus on strengthening safety culture so that occupational safety becomes a behavioral value rather than merely an administrative requirement</p> Sophio Gugeshashvili Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7075 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОФИЗИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ТВЁРДЫХ ТЕЛ С ЛАБОРАТОРНЫМИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАМИ https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7080 <p>В статье представлены методы организации лабораторного эксперимента по исследованию электрофизических свойств твёрдых тел студентами, учащимися школы с обоснованием фактов при которых их исследования позволяют понять природу процессов переноса зарядов, механизмы проводимости и закономерности изменения свойств при изменении температуры, структуры или химического состава материала</p> Рахымбеков Айтбай Жапарович, Бактыбаев Руслан Нұрланулы, Майкожанова Айгерим Ардаковна Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7080 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 HyperTime: A New Paradigm of Cosmology and Quantum Physics https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7083 <p>We propose a generalized framework in which time itself is a physical field possessing density, gradients, and an intrinsic ability to evolve. Rather than an external coordinate, time becomes the origin of matter, energy, and the structure of space. We introduce a hyper-temporal parameter Θ to describe the large-scale evolution of temporal density, leading to a five-dimensional action with a κ(∂ln τ / ∂Θ)² term that explains dark matter and dark energy effects. Our formulation reproduces Newtonian gravity and general relativity as limiting cases and unifies them with quantum phenomena. The HyperTime approach interprets gravity and inertia as manifestations of temporal gradients, offering a coherent physical and philosophical basis for the evolution of the Universe as a process in time itself.</p> Andriy Lemeshko Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7083 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Cultural diplomacy and China's ‘soft power’ as a means of projecting national identity abroad https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7051 <p>This article explores the role of China’s cultural diplomacy and <em>soft power</em> in projecting national identity beyond its borders. Drawing on theoretical frameworks of cultural international relations and recent policy initiatives, the study examines how China’s institutional, educational, and media instruments—such as Confucius Institutes, global cultural events, and digital platforms—contribute to shaping a positive and coherent image of the nation. The paper traces the evolution of China’s <em>soft power</em> concept from its Western theoretical origins to its adaptation within the Chinese ideological context. It also highlights the interplay between cultural diplomacy and national identity formation, emphasizing their mutual reinforcement in the context of globalization. Special attention is given to China’s initiatives in Central Asia, particularly in Kazakhstan, as examples of regionally embedded cultural cooperation. The study identifies both achievements and limitations of China’s approach, including cultural perception gaps, political sensitivities, and ideological challenges. Finally, it outlines future research directions focusing on digital diplomacy, youth engagement, and cultural branding strategies</p> Nurzhayeva Alina Maratovna Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7051 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 ҚАЗАҚСТАНДАҒЫ САЙЛАУ ПРОЦЕСІНДЕГІ ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК МЕДИА МАНИПУЛЯЦИЯЛАРЫ https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7063 <p>Бұл мақалада Қазақстандағы сайлау процестерінде әлеуметтік медианың атқаратын рөлі мен оның саяси манипуляция құралы ретіндегі ерекшеліктері жан-жақты талданады. Зерттеу әлеуметтік желілердің электораттың мінез-құлқына ықпал ету тетіктерін, атап айтқанда таргеттелген жарнама, фейк жаңалықтар, эмоциялық контент, блогерлік насихат және алгоритмдік сүзгілер арқылы қоғамдық пікірді бағыттау тәсілдерін қарастырады. Эмпирикалық база ретінде 2019–2023 жылдар аралығындағы Қазақстандағы президенттік және парламенттік сайлаулардың тәжірибесі алынған. Нәтижесінде әлеуметтік медианың демократиялық коммуникацияны кеңейту әлеуетімен қатар, ақпараттық манипуляция мен фейк контенттің таралу қаупі артып отырғаны анықталды. Автор әлеуметтік медианың саяси процестерге әсерін төмендету үшін цифрлық сауаттылықты арттыру, онлайн насихатты құқықтық тұрғыда реттеу және фейк ақпаратқа қарсы тұрақты мониторинг жүйесін енгізу қажеттігін негіздейді</p> Жулдыз Балмурзина, Макпал Анламасова Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7063 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Формирование корпоративной культуры предприятия: теоретический аспект https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7042 <p>Культура в широком смысле означает объективные результаты деятельности людей (машины, конструкции, результаты познания, произведения искусства, морально-правовые нормы и т.д.). ), а также силы и способности человека (образование, навыки, уровень), на которых осуществляется действие. В частности, в области развития интеллекта, нравственного и эстетического развития, мировоззрения, способов и форм взаимоотношений между людьми).</p> <p>Корпоративная культура как составная часть культуры в целом отражает уровень развития предприятия, творческие силы и способности сотрудников, работающих на нем.</p> <p>Корпоративная культура — это система материальных и духовных ценностей, проявлений, характерных для конкретной корпорации, которые выражают ее индивидуальность и восприятие себя и других в социальной и материальной среде, проявляются в поведении, взаимодействии, взаимодействии с другими, восприятии себя и себя, окружающая среда</p> <p>Корпоративная культура является неотъемлемой частью любой компании, она существует независимо от желания менеджеров, поскольку она проявляется даже в обычных взаимодействиях сотрудников. Корпоративная культура или организационная культура — это совокупность взглядов и нравов сотрудников в процессе внутренней и внешней интеграции.</p> <p>Корпоративная культура — это сложный набор ценностей и инструментов, которые принимают все члены компании.</p> Каримгазинов Ринат Каримгазинович, Шубаров Жасулан Амангельдыевич, Багисов Аслан Аязбиевич Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7042 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЕМ https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7043 <p>В современных условиях рыночной экономики в основе успешной деятельности любой компании в нашей стране лежит повышение эффективности управления. Существует множество способов повышения эффективности менеджмента. Их объектами могут выступать руководитель, личные и профессиональные качества управленцев, элементы управленческой деятельности. Работа в области повышения эффективности управления организации может быть начата с любого ее элемента, т. е. с наиболее актуального для предприятия. Необходимо только учитывать взаимосвязь элементов системы управления друг с другом.</p> Карабаев Ерик Сейсенбекович Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7043 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Организация системы планирования в дорожно-строительной организации https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7044 <p>Направление исследования актуально в контексте современных вызовов и потребностей дорожно-строительной отрасли, где вопросы планирования становятся все более критичными для обеспечения эффективного функционирования организаций и достижения стратегических целей. В условиях высокой динамики внешней среды и необходимости адаптации к новым условиям хозяйствования, высокой инфляции, недоступности каналов финансирования, важно применять новые подходы и методические решения, которые позволят улучшить качество планирования и обеспечить успешное развитие дорожно-строительных организаций. Так, в современных условиях наблюдается тенденция перехода к организации плановой деятельности хозяйствующих субъектов на всех уровнях на основе принципов планомерности и риск защищенности (безопасности), объективной ответственности, свойственной командно-административной экономике и государственному управлению. Социальные обязательства, многоуровневость экономических отношений, разнообразие взаимодействий и взаимосвязей, а также различия в уровне цифровой зрелости элементов планирования требуют своевременной формализации стандартных единиц задач, заданий и знаний в процессе планирования, обеспечение целевого динамического нормирования количественных и качественных показателей плана для оценки промежуточных результатов и достижения конечных целей</p> Мурсалбеков Акжол Слямович, Жүнісқалиев Арман Жұмабайұлы Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7044 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Современные подходы к формированию системы развития персонала https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7045 <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p>В условиях ускоренной цифровизации, глобализации и трансформации форм занятости концепция развития персонала приобрела новое содержание и масштабы. Современные подходы к формированию систем развития персонала опираются на стратегическое мышление, гибкость, непрерывность, персонализацию и цифровые инструменты. В данном литературном обзоре систематизированы наиболее значимые теоретические и практико-ориентированные подходы, нашедшие отражение в трудах отечественных и зарубежных исследователей [14].</p> <p>Современные исследователи подчёркивают, что система развития персонала должна быть неотъемлемой частью стратегии компании. Многими исследователями подчёркивается, что развитие должно строиться с учётом долгосрочных целей бизнеса, обеспечивая соответствие между организационными приоритетами и кадровыми возможностями. Такой подход предполагает активную интеграцию HR-политики с корпоративной стратегией, в том числе на уровне показателей эффективности [15].</p> <p>Более того, авторы акцентируют внимание на необходимости выстраивания вертикали целей: от стратегических задач до индивидуальных планов развития сотрудников. Это позволяет не только выровнять мотивацию персонала с целями организации, но и формировать устойчивую культуру профессионального роста [16].</p> Сәулет Темірұлан Қанатұлы, Бакбергенов Алибек Женисович, Митрофанов Николай Валерьевич Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7045 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7046 <p>В современных условиях рыночной экономики в основе успешной деятельности любой компании в нашей стране лежит повышение эффективности управления. Существует множество способов повышения эффективности менеджмента. Их объектами могут выступать руководитель, личные и профессиональные качества управленцев, элементы управленческой деятельности. Работа в области повышения эффективности управления организации может быть начата с любого ее элемента, т. е. с наиболее актуального для предприятия.</p> Губайдулин Ержан Жулмагамбетович, Ни Вадим Альбертович, Яцык Артур Заурбиевич Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7046 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 ОЦЕНКА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ И СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ ПРОЕКТОВ УМНОГО ГОРОДА: АДАПТАЦИЯ МЕТОДОВ ПРОЕКТНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ЦЕЛЕЙ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7050 <p>В статье исследуются проблемы оценки эффективности проектов в сфере создания «умных городов» в Республике Казахстан. Авторы доказывают, что традиционные методы оценки, фокусирующиеся на бюджетной и технологической эффективности, являются недостаточными для комплексного измерения вклада таких проектов в устойчивое развитие. Цель исследования – разработать концептуальные подходы к адаптации системы проектного управления на государственном уровне для интеграции критериев социального воздействия и экологической устойчивости в оценку проектов «умного города». На основе анализа научной литературы, нормативно-правовой базы РК и международного опыта выявлены системные проблемы, такие как кадровый дефицит и ориентация на краткосрочные результаты. В результате предложена комплексная система ключевых показателей эффективности (KPI), сочетающая традиционные экономические метрики с параметрами, отражающими социальное благополучие, качество городской среды и эффективность управления ресурсами, а также модель проектного офиса, ответственного за мониторинг достижения целей устойчивого развития</p> Анапин Ж.Ж., Пернебекқызы Н. Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7050 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 The Dual Economic Trajectory of Kyrgyzstan in the Shadow of the Ukraine War: Escalating Cost of Living and the Influx of Sanctions-Driven Capital https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7065 <p>The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and the subsequent Western sanctions have had a multifaceted impact on the economy of the Kyrgyz Republic, giving rise to two opposing economic vectors. This study analyzes this phenomenon: on the one hand, there is an escalation in the cost of living for the population, driven by an inflationary shock and volatility in remittances. On the other hand, the country has recorded anomalous GDP growth, fueled by geopolitical arbitrage, significant re-exports of goods to Russia, and an influx of sanctions-driven Russian capital. The paper assesses the sustainability of this growth and highlights the long-term structural risks associated with the high concentration of trade and financial flows, which jeopardizes Kyrgyzstan's economic sovereignty and increases its vulnerability to secondary sanctions.</p> Chyngyz Kerimov Student Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7065 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Анализ некоторых показателей Индекса сетевой готовности Азербайджана https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7068 <p>В работе проанализирована позиция Азербайджана в рейтинге стран по Индексу сетевой готовности, по четырем направлениям, охватываемым интегральным Индексом, а именно – Технологической базе, Государственному регулированию, Человеческим ресурсам и Последствиям. Проведен подробный анализ показателей Доступа Индекса сетевой готовности в Азербайджане и прочих исследуемых странах, сделаны определенные выводы.</p> Лейли Али кызы Аллахвердиева Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7068 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 STRATEGIC INTEGRATION OF AI-DRIVEN CONVERSATIONAL AGENTS TO OPTIMIZE CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE AND OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN THE SME SECTOR https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7088 <p>This research demonstrates that conversational AI agents generate measurable value for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) only when embedded in strategic frameworks rather than fragmented automation efforts. By comparing global industry reports and real-world case studies, three pillars of integration are identified: customer, operational, and organizational. On the customer side, AI enables communication continuity, personalization, and rapid escalation to human agents in atypical scenarios. Within operations, chatbots and voice assistants reduce repetitive tasks, build knowledge bases, and produce structured data streams for managerial decision-making. The organizational dimension determines sustainability of results, where digital maturity, staff training, quality regulations, and data protection are critical factors. Evidence shows that hybrid human-in-the-loop architectures shorten response times and relieve support workloads while maintaining empathy. Performance metrics such as CSAT, NPS, and productivity indicators make return on investment transparent for leadership. Major SME barriers are identified: lack of competencies, high customization costs, integration complexity, and insufficient content management processes. A phased implementation roadmap is proposed, including rapid maturity assessment, pilot testing on 2–3 high-frequency scenarios, linkage with CRM and knowledge bases, escalation-policy setup, continuous model retraining, and subsequent scaling. The findings reveal that conversational AI evolves from a support instrument into a source of market and operational intelligence.</p> Yeskendirova Damilya Ruslankyzy Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7088 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Fransız dilinin qrammatikası: nəzəri və elmi baxış https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7058 <p>French belongs to the group of Roman languages and is derived from Latin. His grammatical sisyeme carries both synthetic and analytical characteristics. This means that both endings and auxiliary words are used to express meaning. The article analyzes the grammatical system of the French language from theoretical and scientific aspects.Morphology and syntax, the structure of articles ,nouns, adjectives,verbs, as well as the stages of the historical development of grammar theories are described. The article also shows the application of modern structural and functional approaches</p> Əkbərova Əsmayə Bəxtiyar qızı Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7058 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Xarici dilin tədrisi zamanı yazı vərdişlərinin aşılanması yolları https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7059 <p>Müasir dövrdə qloballaşma prosesləri xarici dillərin öyrənilməsini və öyrədilməsini zəruri etmişdir. Xarici dilin tədrisi təkcə kommunikativ bacarıqların formalaşdırılması ilə məhdudlaşmır, eyni zamanda dinləmə, danışma, oxu və yazı kimi əsas dil bacarıqlarının kompleks inkişafını nəzərdə tutur. Bu bacarıqlar arasında yazı xüsusi əhəmiyyətə malikdir, çünki o, dilin həm funksional, həm də akademik istifadəsini təmin edir. İngilis dili kimi beynəlxalq ünsiyyət vasitəsini öyrənən şəxslər üçün yazı bacarıqlarının düzgün formalaşdırılması onların akademik, peşəkar və sosial sahələrdə effektiv ünsiyyət qurmasına şərait yaradır. Lakin yazı bacarığının inkişafı bəzən digər bacarıqlardan geri qalır və bu da öyrənənlərdə yazılı ifadə zamanı çətinliklər yaradır.</p> <p>Yazı bacarığının formalaşdırılması üçün yaradıcı mühitin yaradılması, mərhələli öyrənmə yanaşmasının tətbiqi və müxtəlif yazı formaları ilə işləmək vacibdir. Esse, rəsmi məktub, hesabat və təqdimat kimi tapşırıqlar tələbələrə müxtəlif yazı tipləri ilə tanış olmaq və bu sahədə praktiki bacarıqlar qazanmaq imkanı verir. Müəllimlərin bu prosesdə rolu xüsusi əhəmiyyət daşıyır; onlar yalnız bilik ötürən deyil, həm də istiqamətləndirici və motivasiyaedici rol oynayırlar. Yazı prosesinin bütün mərhələlərində müəllimin dəstəyi və fərdi rəy öyrənənlərin fikirlərini daha aydın və səlis ifadə etməsinə kömək edir.</p> <p>Eyni zamanda, texnologiyaların tətbiqi də yazı bacarıqlarının inkişafına mühüm təsir göstərir. Rəqəmsal platformalar, onlayn korrektə alətləri və tərəfdaş yoxlaması üsulları tələbələrin dil səhvlərini müəyyənləşdirməsinə və tənqidi düşünmə qabiliyyətini gücləndirməsinə şərait yaradır. Məqalədə ingilis dilinin tədrisində yazı bacarıqlarının inkişafı, rəsmi və akademik yazı nümunələrinin quruluşu, yazı prosesində istifadə olunan metodlar və durğu işarələrinin rolu araşdırılaraq bu sahədə effektiv metodların və praktik yanaşmaların müəyyənləşdirilməsi əsas məqsəd kimi qoyulur.</p> Sevinc Akif qızı Əliyeva Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7059 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Platform Grammar: Affordances, Algorithmic Mediation, and Structural Linguistic Innovation in the Digital Age https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7070 <p>This paper presents a focused, empirically grounded account of how platform affordances and algorithmic mediation drive structural linguistic innovation in contemporary digital interaction. Moving beyond descriptive inventories, the article analyzes three tightly linked mechanisms: (1) affordance-level selection (character limits, caption timing, sticker toolkits) that channels producers toward compression and orthographic creativity; (2) algorithmic mediation that privileges engagement-optimizing variants and thereby ties indexical meaning to measurable metrics; and (3) socio-political governance (moderation, deplatforming) that shapes both the survival and social meaning of emergent forms. Drawing on large-scale diffusion studies, multimodal corpus analyses, and qualitative investigations of user strategies to evade moderation, the paper shows that platform-specific grammars emerge through routinization of multimodal resources (emoji sequences, typographic elongation, caption prosody) and that diffusion trajectories are co-determined by network topology and identity dynamics rather than by either factor alone. Empirical anchors include an agent-based validation against a 10% Twitter sample that demonstrates complementary network/identity roles in urban versus rural diffusion, observational and experimental evidence that commercial speech and language technologies exhibit systematic differential performance for marginalised varieties (increasing WER), and interview-based documentation of “algospeak” as a reproducible counter-strategy to moderation. The paper concludes by outlining integrated methods (multimodal annotation + time-series modeling + governance auditing) necessary to separate genuine sociolinguistic innovation from algorithmic amplification and to provide ethically responsible mappings of digital language change</p> Ceyhun Aliyev, Zeynab Mammadova, Salman Aliyev Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7070 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Elmi-publisistik və bədii ingilis dilini fərqləndirən cəhətlər https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7087 <p>Dilçilik, dilin strukturunu, funksiyalarını və istifadəsini öyrənən bir sahə olaraq, müxtəlif üslub və kommunikasiya məqsədlərinə əsaslanan dil istifadə tərzlərini incələyir. Bu tədqiqatda müasir ingilis dilində üç əsas üslub — elmi, publisistik və bədii üslub — arasındakı fərqlər araşdırılacaq. Bu üslublar, mətnin məqsədinə, auditoriyasına və dilin funksiyalarına görə bir-birindən əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə fərqlənir. Elmi dil obyektivlik və dəqiqlik tələb edir, publisistik dil isə məlumatı daha geniş auditoriyaya təqdim etmək və emosional təsir yaratmaq məqsədini güdür. Bədii dil isə estetik məqsədlərlə, insanların emosional dünyasına hitab etməklə seçilir. Üslub fərqləri həm dilin quruluşunda, həm də istifadə edilən ifadə vasitələrində özünü göstərir.</p> Asmar Karimli Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7087 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 A Secure PHP-Based Cloud Security Framework for Global SME Retail Operations https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7047 <p>Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) form the backbone of global commerce, accounting for over 90% of businesses and contributing significantly to employment and GDP. Yet, they remain disproportionately vulnerable to internal fraud, particularly employee theft, due to limited oversight, fragmented infrastructure, and inadequate digital safeguards. This study presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a secure, scalable, and cloud-based Point of Sale (POS) system developed using PHP and the Laravel framework. Unlike existing POS platforms that prioritise generic transaction processing and lack embedded fraud prevention, this system Integrates Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), encrypted audit trails, and real-time activity logging directly into its architecture, specifically tailored to enhance operational transparency and mitigate fraud in SME retail environments.</p> <p>Built with open-source technologies and deployed on cloud infrastructure, the solution addresses limitations of traditional POS systems, such as poor scalability, limited accessibility, and weak security, while remaining cost-effective and adaptable to low-connectivity environments. It introduces formal models for transaction throughput, response time, availability, and breach probability, providing a quantitative framework rarely applied to SME-focused POS solutions. Validated across multiple regions, the system demonstrates cross-cultural resilience, regulatory compliance, offline tolerance, and digital modernisation for SMEs worldwide. Its transition from academic prototype to commercial deployment underscores its practical viability and bridges the gap between scholarly design and real-world application.</p> Benjamin F. Iserom, Brian E. Usibe, Casmir C. Etteh, Abdulrazaq O. Ibiyeye, Moses E. Aigberemhon, Jennifer B. Usibe Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7047 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Экологический анализ состояния подземных вод Алматинской области в условиях климатического и антропогенного воздействия https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7049 <p>В статье представлен экологический анализ состояния подземных вод Алматинской области с учетом влияния климатических изменений и антропогенных факторов. Рассматриваются методы оценки качества воды (индекс качества воды — WQI, индекс уязвимости DRASTIC), анализируются гидрогеологические особенности региона, динамика уровня и химического состава подземных вод. На основе результатов обсуждаются риски деградации ресурсов и предлагаются рекомендации по устойчивому управлению.</p> Абдиракманов М.Т Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7049 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 ЗОЛОКЕРАМИКАНЫҢ ҚҰРАМЫНДАҒЫ ХИМИЯЛЫҚ ЭЛЕМЕНТТЕРДІ РЕНТГЕН ФЛУОРЕСЦЕНЦИЯ ӘДІСІМЕН ЗЕРТТЕУ https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7055 <p>Бұл мақалада золокерамиканың химиялық құрамын рентгендік флуоресцентті (РФ) әдісімен зерттеу нәтижелері ұсынылады. Зерттеу нысаны ретінде золокерамика үлгісі таңдалып, бастапқы талдау РФ-экспресс &nbsp;зерттеу құрылғысы арқылы жүргізілді. Кейін үлгі механикалық өңдеуден өтіп, ұсақталған материал РЛП-21 рентгендік флуоресцентті энергия-дисперсиялық аспабында талданды. Өлшеу барысында алюминий (Al) мен кремнийді (Si) анықтау үшін кадмий (Cd) нысаны және басқа элементтер үшін теллур (Te) нысаны қолданылды. Алынған спектрлер үлгінің негізгі элементтік құрамын дәл анықтауға мүмкіндік берді. Зерттеу нәтижелері золокерамиканың сапасын бағалауда және өндірістік процестерін оңтайландыруда маңызды рөл атқарады</p> Баймолда Д, Құлбек М. К, Ленник С.Г, Қалаунден Ә.К Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7055 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Principles and Structure of the Real Estate Cadastre System https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7073 <p>This article provides a comprehensive scientific analysis of the fundamental principles, structural framework, and practical implementation of the real estate cadastre system, with a particular focus on its development in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The real estate cadastre is a crucial component of state governance, designed to collect, store, and manage legal, technical, and geospatial information concerning land parcels, buildings, and other immovable property within a unified digital information system. The main objectives of the cadastre system include defining the legal status of real estate, ensuring transparency in property relations, and promoting efficient land and resource management. The study identifies and discusses the core principles guiding the creation of the cadastre system<strong> - legal and regulatory assurance, completeness and uniformity, integration of geospatial information, data reliability and updating</strong>, and<strong> separation of administrative functions. </strong>The article explores the structural components of the system, including registration objects, databases, and functional subsystems, and explains their interconnections within the broader governance framework. Particular emphasis is placed on the “Unified State Real Estate Cadastre” and “Electronic Register System” projects currently being implemented in Azerbaijan. The research findings reveal that the effective establishment of a modern cadastre system in Azerbaijan requires continuous improvement of the legal framework, the application of advanced information technologies, enhancement of data quality, and the development of human capital in the field. The main challenges remain institutional coordination, insufficient digital infrastructure, and the lack of standardized data formats. Ultimately, the study concludes that the formation of an integrated, transparent, and technologically advanced cadastre system will substantially strengthen public administration, land policy, and economic planning in the country</p> Babayev Murad Khanlar Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7073 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Кластеризация районов Чикаго на основе демографических и инфраструктурных данных https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7074 <p>В работе представлена методика кластеризации районов города Чикаго на осно- ве интеграции демографических и инфраструктурных признаков. Использованы открытые данные American Community Survey (ACS) и OpenStreetMap (OSM). Понижение размерности выполнялось с помощью алгоритма UMAP (metric=cosine, n_neighbors=10, min_dist=0.05), а кластеризация — методом K-Means (k=7). Полу- ченные семь кластеров отражают различия между центральными, периферийными и социально уязвимыми районами города. Результаты подтверждают, что объедине- ние демографических и пространственных данных повышает интерпретируемость и устойчивость кластерной модели городской структуры.</p> Abylai Ayan Azamatuly Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7074 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 ЖАМБЫЛ ОБЛЫСЫНДАҒЫ ТЕРІС-АЩЫБҰЛАҚ СУ ҚОЙМАСЫНЫҢ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯСЫ https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7081 <p>Терс-Ащыбұлақ су қоймасы Жамбыл облысында, Күйік асуы аумағында, Ақсу (Теріс) өзенінің ұзындығы шамамен 2 км бөгетпен жабылуы нәтижесінде орналасқан. Су қоймасын балық шаруашылығында пайдалану екінші орында және көбінесе су ағынының жоғарылауына байланысты балық шаруашылығын пайдалану мәселелері еленбейді. Су қоймасы балық қорғау құрылғысымен жабдықталмаған, сондықтан балықтың бір бөлігі жазғы-күзгі кезеңде шахталық түбіндегі су ағызу арқылы, ал қысқы-көктемгі кезеңде Ақсу өзеніне және ирригациялық желіге апаттық ағызу арқылы шығарылады.</p> <p>Су қоймасының ауданы 2400 га, ұзындығы 10 км, ені 3 км. Су қоймасының максималды тереңдігі – 28,2 м, орташа - 8 м. Су қоймасының рельефі тас жоталармен қатты кесілген, түбі құм, ұсақ қиыршық тас, қара малтатас, өсімдік қалдықтары бар сазды болып келеді. Минималды деңгейде белсенді балық аулау құралдарын қолдануға болады -су қоймасы, ал резервуардың жалпы балықтарын қолдану су қоймасының жұмыс режимі келесідей: су қоймасын толтыру - қараша-ақпан, судың максималды көлемі - наурыз-сәуір, судың шығуы - сәуір-тамыз, судың минималды көлемі - қыркүйек-қазан айларында болады. Пайдаланудың жобалық режимі сақталған жағдайда су қоймасы балық шаруашылығы су айдыны ретінде пайдаланылуы мүмкін</p> Өтепберген Гүлнаурыз Сәбитқызы Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7081 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 THE PROBLEM OF GOODNESS IN NIETZSCHE'S CONCEPT: PHILOSOPHICAL AND RELIGIOUS ASPECT https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7061 <p>Abstract: The article examines the problem of goodness in Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophical system from the perspective of philosophical and religious analysis. It is shown that Nietzsche's criticism of traditional Christian morality is related to his idea of a "reassessment of all values" and the concept of the "death of God." The article emphasizes that the Nietzschean understanding of goodness destroys the dualism of moral categories and opens the way to a new type of spirituality based on the creative will of man, analyzes the ontological and ethical consequences of Nietzschean reappraisal, as well as its impact on modern philosophy and religious consciousness</p> Rzaev Mammadtagi Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7061 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 THE APPLICATION OF THE LAZARUS MODEL IN THE STUDY OF COPING STRATEGIES OF ADOLESCENTS https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7062 <p>Based on the cognitive-transactional model of R. Lazarus, the article examined the formation and development of strategies for dealing with stress and emotional stress in adolescents, and suggested ways to form positive behavioral strategies in them. In addition, using the example of a real case, the stages of a psychologist's work with aggressive adolescents were proposed, the use of exercises and practical tasks with this age group was justified, allowing them to develop adaptive coping strategies and conflict–free communication skills with others.</p> Gulnara Hasanova Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7062 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 ОПТИМИЗМ КАК МЕХАНИЗМ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТИ В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКЕ СТУДЕНТОВ https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7076 <p>The article explores optimism as a key mechanism of psychological resilience to uncertainty in students’ professional training. In the context of rapid social and technological change, higher education increasingly demands not only professional competence but also personal resources for adaptation. Optimism, viewed as a generalized expectation of favorable outcomes and confidence in overcoming difficulties, ensures emotional stability, motivation, and persistence in achieving goals.</p> <p>Two major theoretical perspectives are analyzed: dispositional (C. Carver, M. Scheier) and attributional (M. Seligman). The dispositional approach defines optimism as a stable personal disposition, while the attributional model interprets it as a cognitive style of explaining life events. Both emphasize optimism as a regulator of behavior and a factor of stress resistance and psychological well-being.</p> <p>The study highlights the importance of optimism for students’ self-development and professional self-determination, enhancing their ability to cope with uncertainty and maintain confidence in future success. Strengthening optimism is proposed as a psychological support strategy in higher education.</p> Усенова Меруерт Баубековна Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7076 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Dağlardan okeanlara: Coğrafi müxtəliflik və insan həyatı https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7086 <p>Yer kürəsi coğrafi baxımdan son dərəcə rəngarəng və zəngin bir planetdir. Dağlar, düzənliklər, çaylar, göllər, çöllər, meşələr və okeanlar kimi müxtəlif təbii landşaftlar dünya səthində bir-birindən fərqli iqlim, torpaq və həyat şəraitləri yaradır. Bu coğrafi müxtəliflik, həm təbiətin, həm də insan cəmiyyətlərinin formalaşmasında mühüm rol oynayır. İnsan həyatı, yaşayış formaları, iqtisadi fəaliyyətlər və mədəniyyətlər çox zaman birbaşa yaşanılan coğrafi mühitdən asılıdır.</p> <p>Bu məqalədə Yer kürəsinin müxtəlif coğrafi landşaftları – dağlardan okeanlara qədər – ayrı-ayrılıqda təhlil ediləcək, onların insan həyatına təsiri və mədəni, iqtisadi və sosial əhəmiyyəti izah olunacaq.</p> Əliyeva Şəfəq Məmməd qızı Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7086 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 EXPLORING THE CONCEPT OF RESEARCH COMPETENCE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7041 <p>Contemporary geopolitical challenges affecting the exchange of knowledge and advanced technologies have created a pressing need for Kazakhstan to intensively develop its national intellectual capital and accelerate the generation of new scientific knowledge. These processes underscore the relevance of studying the concept of <em>research competence</em> as a key phenomenon in the context of higher education and scientific development. The purpose of this article is to identify the main approaches to defining the essence of <em>research competence</em> in educational science through a theoretical analysis of the works of national and international scholars.</p> <p>The study is grounded in the competency-based approach. The primary research methods include analysis and synthesis of national and international scholarly works focused on defining the essence of the concept of research competence.</p> <p><em>&nbsp;</em>Over the past two decades, several theoretical approaches have emerged in educational science to conceptualize research competence. These include the systemic, activity-based, value-activity, axiological, process-technological, competency-based, and synergetic approaches. In the international literature reviewed, research competence is predominantly viewed as a set of skills necessary for conducting scientific inquiry. Moreover, foreign scholars often associate the concept of research competence with research literacy, understood as a collection of competencies related to an individual’s cognitive and intellectual activity.</p> <p>The diversity of approaches to defining and conceptualizing research competence that has emerged in national and international scholarship over the past two decades enables a comprehensive examination of this phenomenon. As society continues to evolve—driven by trends in digitalization, technologization, and the development of networked cooperation among universities and other institutions—there is a growing need to reconsider the components of research competence. These developments highlight the relevance and necessity of further research aimed at identifying and substantiating the criteria and methodologies for developing research competence among&nbsp; students.</p> M.K. RAMAZANOVA, A.A. KITAPBAEVA Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7041 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Addressing Individual Learner Needs While Applying the Total Physical Response (TPR) Method in Vocabulary Revision https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7052 <p>This study investigates how the Total Physical Response (TPR) method can be adapted to address individual learner needs during vocabulary revision in mixed-ability classrooms. TPR, developed by James Asher, integrates physical movement with language learning to enhance comprehension, reduce anxiety, and improve memory retention. A quantitative approach was used, collecting data from 60 participants, including university students and English language teachers in Kazakhstan, through a structured online questionnaire. The results indicate that TPR effectively promotes vocabulary retention, learner engagement, and motivation across varying proficiency levels. Teachers demonstrated slightly higher confidence in adapting TPR for mixed-ability classrooms compared to students, reflecting practical classroom experience. Challenges such as classroom space constraints and lesson preparation were noted, yet overall perceptions were positive. The findings suggest that TPR is an inclusive, adaptable, and low-stress method that can support differentiated vocabulary instruction. Recommendations include integrating TPR training into teacher education programs and providing adequate resources for effective implementation.</p> Talapova Assel Kairatovna, Nurgaliyeva Saule Nurgalikyzy Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7052 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL LEARNING TOOLS ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING IN KAZAKHSTAN https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7053 <p>The study explores the impact of computer learning technology on English language teaching in Kazakhstan with emphasis on how it enhances teaching efficiency, student engagement, and overall learning outcome. Carried out under quantitative methodology among 50 respondents, the study explores the extent to which technology is utilized in classroom instruction and its impact on language learning experience. The study finds technology such as Zoom, Google Classroom, Quizlet, and Duolingo to be having a positive impact on motivation, cooperation, and autonomy among students. However, issues such as lack of infrastructure, lack of training among teachers, and unequal access to technology are still barriers to successful implementation. Institutional support and professional development are needed so that online education can become an effective and long-term part of English language instruction in Kazakhstan, the study states</p> Talapova Assel Kairatovna, Seitkazy Uldana Gabitkyzy Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7053 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Generation Z: Peculiarities in Foreign Language Learning https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7054 <p>Бұл мақалада заманауи жастардың, яғни Z буынының шетел тілдерін меңгерудегі ерекшеліктері мен үрдістері талданады. Автор шетел тілдерін оқыту тарихына қысқаша шолу жасап, ежелгі дәуірлерден қазіргі заманға дейінгі эволюциясын сипаттайды. Қазіргі кезеңде технологиялардың, әсіресе жасанды интеллекттің дамуы білім беру саласына айтарлықтай әсер етуде. Z буынының негізгі сипаттары мультитапсырмалық қабілет, дербестікке ұмтылу, цифрлық сауаттылық және қысқа уақытқа назар аудару болып табылады. Мақалада жүргізілген шағын сауалнама нәтижелері көрсеткендей, студенттердің басым бөлігі оқу барысында ChatGPT және DeepSeek сияқты жасанды интеллект құралдарын белсенді пайдаланады. Бұл мәліметтер тіл үйрену тәсілдерінің едәуір өзгергенін және білім алушылардың жаңа технологияларға бейімделгенін дәлелдейді. Автордың пікірінше, қазіргі студенттер тілдің теориялық құрылымына қарағанда оның тәжірибелік және коммуникативтік жағына көбірек мән береді. Сонымен қатар, педагогтер де өз тәжірибесінде инновациялық әдістер мен цифрлық ресурстарды жиі қолдана бастады, бұл оқыту тиімділігін арттыруға ықпал етеді. Қорытынды бөлімде автор жасанды интеллекттің білім беру жүйесіне оң ықпалын мойындай отырып, оның адам ойлау қабілетіне және танымдық белсенділігіне ықтимал әсерін атап өтеді. Жалпы алғанда, мақала Z буынының шетел тілдерін меңгерудегі жаңа технологияларға икемділігін жан-жақты талдап, қазіргі заман білімінің даму бағыттарын айқындайды.</p> Баянов Бекзат, Адайқызы Әсел Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7054 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 KSZTAŁCENIE UMIEJĘTNOŚCI CZYTANIA UCZNIÓW SZKÓŁ PODSTAWOWYCH https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7056 <p>W artykule podjęto problematykę kształtowania umiejętności czytania u młodszego ucznia. Podano definicje kluczowych pojęć. Wskazano główne sposoby rozwijania umiejętności czytania uczniów szkół podstawowych. Słowa kluczowe: proces edukacyjny; nauczyciel; umiejętność czytania; młodszy uczeń; tekst</p> N. М. Slambekova, S. А. Abisheva Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7056 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Using Project-Based Learning to Improve Intercultural Communicative Competence https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7066 <p>In today's globalized society, intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is essential, involving more than just language proficiency but also understanding and respecting cultural differences, recognizing personal biases, and adapting communication strategies to diverse cultural contexts. This article explores how Project-Based Learning (PBL), a student-centered pedagogical approach, can enhance ICC among learners. By integrating PBL into educational settings, students engage in real-world, meaningful projects that promote cultural awareness, collaboration, authentic language use, and critical reflection. Practical examples, such as cultural exchange projects and community-based initiatives, illustrate the effective implementation of PBL to foster ICC. Strategies and best practices for incorporating PBL into the curriculum, facilitating intercultural interactions, and assessing ICC are discussed, along with challenges and solutions for diverse classroom settings. Ultimately, PBL serves as a powerful tool to prepare students for intercultural interactions in personal and professional spheres, equipping them with the skills and attitudes necessary for effective communication in an interconnected world.</p> AKSHOLPAN SAPAROVA Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7066 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Управление развитием педагогического коллектива в условиях инновационных изменений https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7067 <p>В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы управления развитием педагогического коллектива в контексте современных инновационных преобразований в системе образования. Автор анализирует ключевые вызовы, с которыми сталкиваются руководители образовательных организаций, и предлагает комплексный подход к управлению, включающий диагностику профессиональных дефицитов, создание мотивационной среды, организацию непрерывного обучения и формирование корпоративной культуры, ориентированной на сотрудничество и рост. Особое внимание уделяется практическим инструментам и методам, способствующим эффективной адаптации педагогов к изменениям и раскрытию их инновационного потенциала</p> Сарванова Альмира Альяровна, Калиева Умитгул Нурлановна Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7067 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Постановка и основа дирижёрского аппарата на начальном этапе обучения https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7072 <p>Дирижирование&nbsp;- это система жестов, с помощью которых дирижѐр может передать художественный, творческий замысел композитора. Единое целое составляет в дирижере – артистизм и музыкальность.</p> <p>Дирижерский аппарат&nbsp;– это комплекс слуховых, эмоциональных, двигательных способностей, необходимых для взаимодействия с исполнителями в процессе управления.&nbsp;</p> <p>Проблема постановки дирижерского аппарата – это, прежде всего, проблема мышечной свободы.</p> <p>Мышечная свобода – это активное действие, требующее большего усилия, чем напряжение мышц.&nbsp; То есть аппарат дирижера не должен быть в напряжении. В первую очередь нужно исключить физические и психологические помехи, тормозящие развитие. Свободы аппарата невозможно достигнуть в практике дирижирования, когда внимание направлено на выполнение художественно-исполнительских задач исполняемого произведения. Поэтому в начальной стадии обучения их лучше развивать специальными упражнениями, целью которых является устранение всевозможных двигательных зажатостей.</p> <p>В&nbsp;дирижерской практике используются различные упражнения, чтобы раскрепостить постановку дирижерского аппарата. При выполнении упражнения главным должно быть мышечно-слуховое и зрительное ощущения. В процессе работы над дирижерским аппаратом нужно необходимо учитывать индивидуальные особенности студента.</p> <p>Специальные упражнения, направленные на правильную постановку дирижерского аппарата и предупреждения возможных недостатков (сутулость, согнутое положение корпуса и др.).</p> Тарабрина Виолетта Максутовна Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7072 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Developing Linguistic Competence of Basic School Students https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7082 <p>The article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations for developing linguistic competence among basic school students in the context of modern foreign language education. The importance of linguistic competence as the structural basis of communicative ability is emphasized, alongside the role of effective teaching methods such as communicative, task-based, lexical, and integrated approaches. The study analyzes how these methods contribute to forming accurate and meaningful language use and proposes pedagogical strategies suitable for Kazakhstan’s competency-based educational standards.</p> Zhenisbay Saltanat Marsatkyzy, Syzdykova GAisha Nasirovna Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7082 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 IMPROVING WRITING AND SPEAKING SKILLS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ON THE BASIS OF AUTHENTIC NEWS ARTICLES https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7084 <p>This article discusses ways, methods, and mechanisms for improving the writing and speaking skills of secondary school students based on authentic news articles. The authentic material used is the children's news program BBC Newsround, which covers topics such as the environment, sports, scientific research, culture, and education, using simplified English. This allows middle school students to learn new words, pronounce sentences correctly, and learn useful information in English in an interactive and understandable way. The study conducts an experiment with middle school students, analyzes and evaluates the results before and after the experiment, describes the main problems of implementing this method of teaching a foreign language, and develops recommendations to eliminate existing problems. The article concludes that the use of authentic information in the form of news articles can improve the assimilation of material and increase student engagement in the learning process. The study examines methods, mechanisms, techniques, and means of teaching English as a foreign language using authentic materials and analyzes the effectiveness of BBC Newsround news programs, allowing for a theoretical and practical examination of the research topic. The study includes diagrams and statistics in tabular form, allowing the key points of the study to be viewed in an interactive and convenient format with easy-to-understand illustrations. It is worth mentioning the description of the problems of integrating communicative approaches to teaching English using authentic materials, as a result of which, thanks to the analysis of existing problems, it is possible to achieve a methodological solution in various practical situations that arise in the process of teaching English to middle school students in educational institutions in non-English-speaking countries</p> Talapova A.K., Idayat Y.U. Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7084 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Enhancing the Therapeutic Value of Multicomponent Anticancer Combinations Adjuvant to Proton Therapy and the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Oncology https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7085 <p>The continued global increase in cancer incidence highlights the urgent need for treatment strategies that are both more effective and safer. Charged particle therapy, particularly proton therapy, represents the most technologically advanced radiotherapy modality due to its ability to localize energy deposition at the tumor site via the Bragg peak. However, its widespread adoption remains limited by high operational cost, research intensity, and technical complexity. This study investigates the development and evaluation of multicomponent synergistic anticancer drug combinations—based on FDA-approved agents and putative anticancer substances including rubidium chloride and copper oxide nanoparticles—as adjuvant treatments intended to enhance proton therapy. Biological selectivity toward cancer cells (A549) over normal fibroblasts (NHDF) was assessed using MTT and Annexin V-FITC assays, while chick embryo toxicity testing evaluated acute safety. Results suggest that combinations containing gemcitabine, paclitaxel-carboplatin, and optimized copper oxide nanoparticle concentrations achieve up to threefold higher selectivity compared to standard gemcitabine monotherapy while maintaining similar toxicity profiles. Additionally, this article reviews the emerging role of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnostic radiology, histopathology, genomic decision-making, and clinical treatment planning. AI has demonstrated expert-level performance in early cancer detection and treatment optimization, yet limitations remain regarding data availability, interpretability, and clinical integration. Enhancing combination therapy efficacy and AI-driven clinical tools may significantly improve cancer treatment outcomes.</p> Archil Chirakadze, Nodar Mitagvaria, Neli Makhviladze, Teimuraz Chubinishvili, Lali Gumberidze, Lena Davlianidze, Nodar Sulashvili, Samya Syed, Deva Harsha Uday Gundluru, Harshita Sharma, Sai Nalawade, Fareeha Aziz Mengal, Nikoloz Aphkhazava, Zakaria Buachidze, Mariam Razmadze, Lia Chelidze, Irina Khomeriki, Giorgi Palavandishvili, Khtuna Tserodze, Kakha Gorgadze, Nana khuskivadze, David Aphkhazava Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7085 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 STUDENTS’ SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE WELL-BEING: A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7057 <p>The transition to university life represents a critical stage marked by academic, social, and emotional changes that directly influence students’ well-being. This article presents a bibliographic analysis of research on students’ subjective and objective well-being published between 2004 and 2024, based on data from the Scopus database. The study aimed to identify key trends, geographical distribution, and conceptual structures in this field, applying the PRISMA methodology for systematic selection and VOSviewer for bibliometric mapping. Out of 9,786 initial records, 538 studies met the inclusion criteria. The results revealed a steady growth of research interest, particularly after 2020, reflecting heightened global attention to students’ mental health, academic environment, and social support. Western Europe and North America dominate publication activity, while emerging contributions from Asia and Central Asia indicate increasing globalization of the topic. The conceptual analysis identified three main research clusters: psychological well-being, academic and educational factors, and social-contextual dimensions. The findings underscore the interdisciplinary nature of student well-being research and its vital role in shaping educational quality and psychological sustainability</p> Satanova A.D., Nessipkaliyev D.E. Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7057 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000 The problem of bioethics in the focus of the religious worldview of modern society https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7060 <p>The rapid development of bioethics in the late 20th and early 21st centuries can be described as a process of humanization of knowledge. Its interdisciplinarity - the result of a fusion of philosophy, medicine, law, sociology, and anthropology - transforms it into a space for dialogue about the future of the human race. Russia, which entered this dialogue at the end of the 20th century, also developed its own bioethical language, combining scientific rationality with the humanities tradition.</p> <p>Thus, bioethics has become a kind of “conscience of modernity” - culture's response to its own scientific aspirations. It teaches us to see technological progress not only as a victory of reason but also as a test of humanity. In this sense, bioethics is not simply a new field of knowledge, but a form of philosophical self-knowledge of modernity, in which culture tests its capacity to be human.</p> <p>Despite the intellectual power and rigor of metaethics, its analytical potential proved limited. The abstract-logical and linguistic approach, designed to clarify the structure of moral language, gradually exhausted itself, losing its connection with lived human experience. The moral world, reduced to the syntax of judgments and the analysis of meanings, became too distant from the reality of human experiences, conflicts, and choices. A new need arose: to return ethics to concreteness, to the dynamics of everyday existence, where morality manifests itself not in formulas, but in actions, motives, and relationships.</p> Arinova Olga Tastanbekovna, Tynys Ayaulym Kairatkyzy Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7060 Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000