Enhancing the Therapeutic Value of Multicomponent Anticancer Combinations Adjuvant to Proton Therapy and the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Oncology

Authors

  • Archil Chirakadze PhD, Georgian Techical University, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
  • Nodar Mitagvaria Ivane Beritasvili Center of Eperimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Neli Makhviladze Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Teimuraz Chubinishvili Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Lali Gumberidze Ivane Beritasvili Center of Eperimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Lena Davlianidze Ivane Beritasvili Center of Eperimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Nodar Sulashvili MD, PhD, Doctor of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences In Medicine, Invited Lecturer (Professor) of Scientific Research-Skills Center at Tbilisi State Medical University; Professor of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology of International School of Medicine at Alte University; Professor of Pharmacology of Faculty of Medicine at Georgian National University SEU, Associate Affiliated Professor of Medical Pharmacology of Faculty of Medicine at Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani University; Associate Professor of Medical Pharmacology at School of Medicine at David Aghmashenebeli University of Georgia; Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Pharmacology Direction of School of Health Sciences at the University of Georgia. Associate Professor of Pharmacology of Faculty of Dentistry and Pharmacy at Tbilisi Humanitarian Teaching University; Tbilisi, Georgia; Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9005-8577.
  • Samya Syed MD, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Deva Harsha Uday Gundluru MD, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Harshita Sharma MD, Alte University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Sai Nalawade MD, Alte University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Fareeha Aziz Mengal MD, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Nikoloz Aphkhazava AIA-GESS -CERVANTES SCHOOL, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Zakaria Buachidze Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Mariam Razmadze Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Lia Chelidze Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Irina Khomeriki Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Giorgi Palavandishvili Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Khtuna Tserodze Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Kakha Gorgadze Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Nana khuskivadze Georgian Techical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • David Aphkhazava PhD, Full Professor of Biochemistry at Alte university, Tbilisi, Georgia; Invited Lecturer (Professor) of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, Tbilisi Georgia, Full professor of Biochemistry Georgian National University SEU, Tbilisi Georgia, Invited Lecturer (Professor) of Biophysics and Microbiology, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia. Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6216-6477

Keywords:

Proton therapy, Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Multicomponent combination therapy, Copper oxide nanoparticles, Rubidium chloride, Apoptosis, Synergy, Artificial intelligence, Medical decision support, Cancer diagnostics

Abstract

The continued global increase in cancer incidence highlights the urgent need for treatment strategies that are both more effective and safer. Charged particle therapy, particularly proton therapy, represents the most technologically advanced radiotherapy modality due to its ability to localize energy deposition at the tumor site via the Bragg peak. However, its widespread adoption remains limited by high operational cost, research intensity, and technical complexity. This study investigates the development and evaluation of multicomponent synergistic anticancer drug combinations—based on FDA-approved agents and putative anticancer substances including rubidium chloride and copper oxide nanoparticles—as adjuvant treatments intended to enhance proton therapy. Biological selectivity toward cancer cells (A549) over normal fibroblasts (NHDF) was assessed using MTT and Annexin V-FITC assays, while chick embryo toxicity testing evaluated acute safety. Results suggest that combinations containing gemcitabine, paclitaxel-carboplatin, and optimized copper oxide nanoparticle concentrations achieve up to threefold higher selectivity compared to standard gemcitabine monotherapy while maintaining similar toxicity profiles. Additionally, this article reviews the emerging role of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnostic radiology, histopathology, genomic decision-making, and clinical treatment planning. AI has demonstrated expert-level performance in early cancer detection and treatment optimization, yet limitations remain regarding data availability, interpretability, and clinical integration. Enhancing combination therapy efficacy and AI-driven clinical tools may significantly improve cancer treatment outcomes.

Published

2025-11-10

How to Cite

Archil Chirakadze, Nodar Mitagvaria, Neli Makhviladze, Teimuraz Chubinishvili, Lali Gumberidze, Lena Davlianidze, Nodar Sulashvili, Samya Syed, Deva Harsha Uday Gundluru, Harshita Sharma, Sai Nalawade, Fareeha Aziz Mengal, Nikoloz Aphkhazava, Zakaria Buachidze, Mariam Razmadze, Lia Chelidze, Irina Khomeriki, Giorgi Palavandishvili, Khtuna Tserodze, Kakha Gorgadze, Nana khuskivadze, & David Aphkhazava. (2025). Enhancing the Therapeutic Value of Multicomponent Anticancer Combinations Adjuvant to Proton Therapy and the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Oncology. European Research Materials, (11). Retrieved from https://ojs.scipub.de/index.php/ERM/article/view/7085

Issue

No. 11 (2025): European Research Materials

Section

Pedagogical Sciences

License

Copyright (c) 2025 European Research Materials

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