PROSPECTIVE APPLICATION OF CALCIUM PEROXIDE IN THE PROCESS OF VERMICOMPOSTING

Abstract

The main problem of agricultural ecology is waste. An average of 150 million tons of waste is produced per year in poultry and livestock farming, and about the same amount in the cultivation of vegetables and fruits. Manure is the biggest problem in agriculture. Manure is often suitable as fertilizer only after processing. Typically, manure disposal is carried out near farms, which leads to soil acidification, alienation of agricultural land, groundwater pollution and emissions of the greenhouse gas methane, which negatively affects the environment and ecology.

One of the promising methods for the disposal of agricultural waste is vermitechnology. The use of vermitechnology on a scientific basis is a serious alternative to existing technologies for the disposal of all organic waste: animal manure, bird droppings, waste from the woodworking, pulp and paper, fish, meat and food industries, waste from vegetable bases, shops, cafes and restaurants, household waste, sewage sludge water, sewage treatment plant sludge, etc.

The compost worm Eisenia fetida turned out to be the most productive and suitable for manure processing technology. This species is widespread and easily adapts to various organic substrates.

High-tech vermicomposting is a multi-stage process with precise, instrumental control of such parameters as water balance, air inflow into the substrate, carbon and nitrogen content in the initial substrates and products. For the most effective implementation of vermicomposting, it is very important to understand that the ongoing biochemical and physicochemical processes are based on a complex set of interactions between earthworms, fungi, and bacteria (Nedunchezhiyan et al., 2011) [1]. And accordingly, many microorganism need an optimal environment and oxygen. A number of methods are known in which a specialized air supply device is used to aerate the processed substrate. The device consists of a chamber that evenly distributes air flows; pneumovibromotor, which pumps air and at the same time loosens the substrate with vibration movements; from tubes with holes; stop plates, etc. When using this method, the processing process becomes more complicated [2].