Sociology of Sports in Kazakhstan: current state and development prospects

Abstract

Sport constitutes a fundamental aspect of social life in contemporary society, serving diverse functions that range from improving health and preventing illness to fostering national identity and promoting social mobility. In Kazakhstan, as in other regions, sports serve as a significant social force that impacts various elements of community life. Nevertheless, the sociological examination of sports in Kazakhstan is still in its infancy, rendering the investigation of its significance, challenges, and future prospects particularly pertinent.

Historically, the evolution of sports in Kazakhstan has been shaped by both indigenous traditions and the Soviet mass sports system. Traditional activities such as qazaq kuresi, toguz kumalak, and zhamby atu are vital for the preservation of cultural heritage. During the Soviet period, the sports framework was focused on cultivating widespread physical culture, which ensured ample access to sports facilities and clubs. After gaining independence in 1991, Kazakhstan faced the necessity to overhaul its sports system to adapt to market economy dynamics, which led to a reorientation of priorities. This shift emphasized professional sports but adversely affected the availability of grassroots and recreational activities.